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ASME B31.5 Refrigeration Piping and Heat Transfer Components, 2013
- CONTENTS
- FOREWORD
- COMMITTEE ROSTER
- INTRODUCTION
- SUMMARY OF CHANGES
- REFRIGERATION PIPING AND HEAT TRANSFER COMPONENTS
- Chapter I Scope and Definitions [Go to Page]
- 500 GENERAL STATEMENTS [Go to Page]
- 500.1 Scope [Go to Page]
- 500.1.1
- 500.1.3
- 500.2 Definitions
- 500.3 Nomenclature
- Chapter II Design [Go to Page]
- PART 1 CONDITIONS AND CRITERIA
- 501 DESIGN CONDITIONS [Go to Page]
- 501.1 General
- 501.2 Pressure [Go to Page]
- 501.2.2 Internal Design Pressure.
- 501.2.3 External Design Pressure.
- 501.2.4 Minimum Design Pressure.
- 501.2.5 Minimum Design Pressure for Specific Service
- 501.3 Temperature [Go to Page]
- 501.3.1 Brittle Fracture.
- 501.4 Ambient Influences [Go to Page]
- 501.4.1 Ambient Temperature.
- 501.4.2 Fluid Expansion Effects Increased Pressure.
- 501.5 Dynamic Effects [Go to Page]
- 501.5.1 Impact.
- 501.5.2 Wind.
- 501.5.3 Earthquake Seismic Forces.
- 501.5.4 Vibration.
- 501.5.5 Discharge Reactions.
- 501.6 Weight Effects [Go to Page]
- 501.6.1 Live Loads.
- 501.6.2 Dead Loads.
- 501.6.3 Test Loads.
- 501.7 Thermal Expansion and Contraction Loads
- 502 DESIGN CRITERIA [Go to Page]
- 502.1 General
- 502.2 Pressure-Temperature Design Criteria for Piping Components [Go to Page]
- 502.2.1 Components Having Specific Ratings.
- 502.2.2 Ratings: Normal Operating Conditions.
- 502.2.3 Ratings: Allowance for Variations From Normal Operation.
- 502.2.4 Considerations for Local Conditions and Transitions.
- 502.2.5 Standards and Specifications.
- 502.2.6 Use of Criteria.
- 502.3 Allowable Stresses and Other Stress Limits [Go to Page]
- 502.3.1 Allowable Stress Values
- 502.3.2 Limits of Calculated Stresses Due to Sustained Loads and Thermal Expansion or Contraction
- 502.3.3 Limits of Calculated Stresses Due to Occasional Loads
- 502.4 Allowances [Go to Page]
- 502.4.1 Corrosion and Erosion.
- 502.4.2 Threading and Grooving.
- 502.4.4 Mechanical Strength.
- PART 2 DESIGN OF PIPING COMPONENTS
- 503 CRITERIA FOR DESIGN OF PIPING COMPONENTS
- 504 PRESSURE DESIGN OF PIPING COMPONENTS [Go to Page]
- 504.1 Straight Pipe [Go to Page]
- 504.1.1 General
- 504.1.2 Straight Pipe Under Internal Pressure.
- 504.1.3 Straight Pipe Under External Pressure.
- 504.2 Curved Segments of Pipe [Go to Page]
- 504.2.1 Pipe Bends.
- 504.2.2 Elbows.
- 504.3 Intersections [Go to Page]
- 504.3.1 Branch Connections
- 504.3.2 Openings in Closures
- 504.3.3 Miters.
- 504.3.4 Attachments.
- 504.4 Closures [Go to Page]
- 504.4.1 General
- 504.4.2 Flat Plate Closures.
- 504.5 Pressure Design of Flanges and Blanks [Go to Page]
- 504.5.1 General
- 504.5.2 Blind Flanges.
- 504.5.3 Blanks
- 504.6 Headers
- 504.7 Design of Other Pressure-Containing Components
- PART 3 DESIGN APPLICATION OF PIPING COMPONENTS SELECTION AND LIMITATIONS
- 505 PIPE [Go to Page]
- 505.1 General [Go to Page]
- 505.1.1 Additional Limitations for Carbon Steel Pipe.
- 505.1.2 Additional Limitations for Cast Iron Pipe.
- 505.1.3 Pressure Design of Other Piping Components.
- 505.2 Nonferrous Pipe or Tube [Go to Page]
- 505.2.1
- 505.2.2
- 506 FITTINGS, BENDS, AND INTERSECTIONS [Go to Page]
- 506.1 Fittings [Go to Page]
- 506.1.1 General.
- 506.1.2 Bell and Spigot Fittings.
- 506.2 Bends and Intersections
- 506.3 Limitation on Materials for Fittings
- 507 VALVES
- 508 FLANGES, BLANKS, FLANGE FACINGS, GASKETS, AND BOLTING [Go to Page]
- 508.1 Flanges [Go to Page]
- 508.1.1 General.
- 508.1.2 Screwed Flanges.
- 508.2 Blanks
- 508.3 Flange Facings
- 508.4 Gaskets
- 508.5 Bolting [Go to Page]
- 508.5.1 General.
- 508.5.2 Bolting for Cast Iron Flanges
- PART 4 SELECTION AND LIMITATIONS OF PIPING JOINTS
- 510 PIPING JOINTS [Go to Page]
- 510.1 General
- 511 WELDED JOINTS [Go to Page]
- 511.1 General
- 511.2 Butt Welds
- 511.3 Socket Welds [Go to Page]
- 511.3.1
- 511.3.2
- 511.3.3
- 511.4 Fillet Welds
- 511.5 Seal Welds
- 512 FLANGED JOINTS
- 513 EXPANDED JOINTS
- 514 THREADED JOINTS
- 515 FLARED, FLARELESS, AND COMPRESSION JOINTS [Go to Page]
- 515.1 Selection and Application
- 515.2 Piping Joints With Applicable Standards
- 515.3 Piping Joints Without Applicable Standards
- 517 BRAZED AND SOLDERED JOINTS
- 518 SLEEVE COUPLED AND OTHER NOVEL OR PATENTED JOINTS
- PART 5 EXPANSION, FLEXIBILITY, STRUCTURAL ATTACHMENTS, SUPPORTS, AND RESTRAINTS
- 519 EXPANSION AND FLEXIBILITY [Go to Page]
- 519.1 General [Go to Page]
- 519.1.1 Objectives.
- 519.1.2 Expansion Strains.
- 519.2 Concepts [Go to Page]
- 519.2.1 Stress Range.
- 519.2.2 Expansion Range.
- 519.2.3 Cold Spring.
- 519.2.4 Local Overstrain.
- 519.3 Properties [Go to Page]
- 519.3.1 Unit Thermal Expansion Range.
- 519.3.2 Moduli of Elasticity.
- 519.3.3 PoissonÅ’s Ratio.
- 519.3.4 Allowable Expansion Stress Range.
- 519.3.5 Dimensions.
- 519.3.6 Flexibility and Stress Intensification Factors.
- 519.4 Analysis for Bending Flexibility [Go to Page]
- 519.4.1 Calculations/Tests.
- 519.4.2 Flexibility.
- 519.4.3 Methods of Analysis.
- 519.4.4 Standard Assumptions.
- 519.4.5 Flexibility Stresses
- 519.4.6 Reactions.
- 519.4.7 Reaction Limits.
- 519.4.8 Movements.
- 520 DESIGN OF PIPE SUPPORTING ELEMENTS [Go to Page]
- 520.1 General [Go to Page]
- 520.1.1 Objectives.
- 520.1.2 Allowable Stresses in Piping.
- 520.1.3 Allowable Stresses in Piping Support and Restraint Components
- 520.1.4 Materials -- Steel.
- 520.1.5 Materials Other Than Those in Para. 520.1.4.
- 520.1.6 Protective Coatings
- 520.1.7 Threaded Components.
- 521 DESIGN LOADS FOR PIPE SUPPORTING ELEMENTS [Go to Page]
- 521.1 General [Go to Page]
- 521.1.1
- 521.1.2
- 521.1.3
- 521.1.4
- 521.2 Resilient Variable-Support and Constant-Support Types
- 521.3 Design Details [Go to Page]
- 521.3.1 General
- 521.3.2 Spring Supports.
- 521.3.3 Counterweights.
- 521.3.4 Hydraulic-Type Supports.
- 521.3.5 Sway Braces or Vibration Dampeners.
- Chapter III Materials [Go to Page]
- 523 MATERIALS -- GENERAL REQUIREMENTS [Go to Page]
- 523.1 Materials and Specifications [Go to Page]
- 523.1.1 Listed Materials
- 523.1.2 Unlisted Materials.
- 523.1.3 Unknown Materials.
- 523.1.4 Reclaimed Materials.
- 523.2 Limitations on Materials [Go to Page]
- 523.2.1 General.
- 523.2.2 Impact Tests.
- 523.2.3 Cast Iron and Malleable Iron.
- 523.2.4 Ductile Nodular Iron.
- 523.2.5 Clad and Lined Materials.
- 523.2.6 Nonmetallic Pressure-Containing Components.
- 523.3 Deterioration of Materials in Service
- 524 MATERIALS APPLIED TO MISCELLANEOUS PARTS [Go to Page]
- 524.1 Gaskets
- 524.2 Bolting
- Chapter IV Dimensional Requirements [Go to Page]
- 526 DIMENSIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR STANDARD AND NONSTANDARD PIPING COMPONENTS [Go to Page]
- 526.1 Standard Piping Components
- 526.2 Nonstandard Piping Components
- 526.3 Threads
- Chapter V Fabrication and Assembly [Go to Page]
- 527 WELDING [Go to Page]
- 527.1 Material [Go to Page]
- 527.1.1 Electrodes and Filler Metal.
- 527.1.2 Backing Rings.
- 527.2 Preparation [Go to Page]
- 527.2.1 Butt Welds
- 527.2.2 Fillet Welds.
- 527.3 Procedure [Go to Page]
- 527.3.1 General.
- 527.3.2 Butt Welds
- 527.3.3 Socket and Fillet Welds.
- 527.3.4 Seal Welds.
- 527.3.5 Welded Branch Connections
- 527.3.6 Welded Flat Plate Closures.
- 527.3.7 Heat Treatment for Welds.
- 527.4 Responsibility [Go to Page]
- 527.4.1 Qualification Requirements.
- 527.4.2 Standard Welding Procedures.
- 527.4.3 Procedure Qualification by Others.
- 527.4.4 Performance Qualification by Others.
- 527.5 Qualification Records
- 527.6 Defect Repairs
- 528 BRAZING AND SOLDERING [Go to Page]
- 528.1 Brazing Materials [Go to Page]
- 528.1.1 Filler Metal.
- 528.1.2 Flux.
- 528.2 Brazing Preparation and Procedures [Go to Page]
- 528.2.1 Surface and Joint Preparation.
- 528.2.2 Joint Clearance.
- 528.2.3 Heating.
- 528.2.4 Brazing Qualification.
- 528.2.5 Oil.
- 528.3 Soldering Materials [Go to Page]
- 528.3.1 Solder.
- 528.3.2 Flux.
- 528.4 Soldering Preparation and Procedure [Go to Page]
- 528.4.1 Surface Preparation.
- 528.4.2 Joint Clearance.
- 528.4.3 Heating.
- 528.4.4 Procedure.
- 529 BENDING -- HOT AND COLD [Go to Page]
- 529.1 Radii of Bends
- 529.2 Procedure
- 529.3 Heat Treatment
- 530 FORMING [Go to Page]
- 530.1 Procedure
- 530.2 Heat Treatment
- 531 HEAT TREATMENT [Go to Page]
- 531.1 Heating and Cooling Method
- 531.2 Preheating [Go to Page]
- 531.2.1
- 531.2.2
- 531.2.3
- 531.3 Postheat Treatment [Go to Page]
- 531.3.1
- 531.3.2
- 531.3.3
- 531.3.4
- 531.3.5
- 531.3.6
- 531.3.7
- 531.3.8
- 531.3.9 Local Postheat Treatment
- 535 ASSEMBLY [Go to Page]
- 535.1 General
- 535.2 Bolting Procedure [Go to Page]
- 535.2.1
- 535.2.2
- 535.2.3
- 535.2.4
- 535.2.5
- 535.3 Threaded Piping [Go to Page]
- 535.3.1
- 535.3.2
- 535.3.3
- 535.3.4
- 535.3.5
- 535.4 Welded Joints
- 535.5 Brazed Sleeve Joints
- 535.6 Soldered Sleeve Joints
- 535.7 Flare Type Fitting Joints
- 535.8 Flareless and Compression-Type Fitting Joints
- 535.9 Assembly of Hangers
- 535.10 Piping Identification
- Chapter VI Examination, Inspection, and Testing [Go to Page]
- 536 EXAMINATION [Go to Page]
- 536.1 Definition
- 536.2 Responsibility
- 536.3 Examination Personnel Qualification and Certification
- 536.4 Required Examination [Go to Page]
- 536.4.1 Visual Examination.
- 536.4.2 Additional Examination for Groups A3 and B3 Piping.
- 536.4.3 Defects
- 536.5 Supplementary Examination
- 536.6 Types of Examinations [Go to Page]
- 536.6.1 General
- 536.6.2 In-Process Examination.
- 536.6.3 Radiographic Examination
- 536.6.4 Ultrasonic Examination
- 536.6.5 Special Methods.
- 537 INSPECTION [Go to Page]
- 537.1 Definition
- 537.2 Responsibility
- 537.3 Rights of Inspectors
- 537.4 Qualifications of the OwnerÅ’s Inspector
- 538 TESTING [Go to Page]
- 538.1 Testing Before Erection or Assembly
- 538.2 Preparation for Testing
- 538.3 Factory Testing of Refrigerant Piping
- 538.4 Field Testing of Refrigerant Piping [Go to Page]
- 538.4.1 General Requirements.
- 538.4.2 Pressure Test
- 538.4.3 Leak Test.
- 538.5 Testing Medium for Refrigerant Piping
- 538.6 Pressure Tests for Secondary Coolant Piping
- 538.7 Pressure Gages
- 538.8 Repair of Joints
- 539 RECORDS [Go to Page]
- 539.1 Definition
- 539.2 Responsibility
- 539.3 Extent and Retention of Records
- Figures
[Go to Page]
- Fig. 502.3.2 Stress Range Reduction Factors
- Fig. 504.3.1-1 Reinforcement of Branch Connections
- Fig. 504.3.1-2 Extruded Outlet Header Notation
- Fig. 504.3.1-3 Mechanically Formed Tee Connections in Copper Materials
- Fig. 504.5.3 Blanks
- Fig. 519.4.5-1 Bends
- Fig. 519.4.5-2 Branch Connections
- Fig. 523.2.2 Reduction in Minimum Design Metal Temperature Without Impact Testing
- Fig. 527.1.2 Typical Joints With Backing Ring
- Fig. 527.2.1-1 Butt Welding End Preparation
- Fig. 527.2.1-2 Internal Trimming for Butt Welding ofPiping Components With Internal Misalignment
- Fig. 527.3.3-1 Fillet Weld Size
- Fig. 527.3.3-2 Welding Details for Slip-On and Socket Welding Flanges, and Some Acceptable Types of Flange Attachment Welds
- Fig. 527.3.3-3 Minimum Welding Dimensions Required for Socket Welding Components Other Than Flanges
- Fig. 527.3.5-1 Typical Welded Branch Connection Without Additional Reinforcement
- Fig. 527.3.5-2 Typical Welded Branch Connection With Additional Reinforcement
- Fig. 527.3.5-3 Typical Welded Angular Branch Connection Without Additional Reinforcement
- Fig. 527.3.5-4 Some Acceptable Types of Welded Branch Attachment Details Showing Minimum Acceptable Welds
- Fig. 527.3.6-1 Acceptable Welds for Flat Plate Closures
- Fig. 527.3.6-2 Unacceptable Welds for Flat Plate Closures
- Tables [Go to Page]
- Table 500.2-1 Refrigerant Safety Classifications
- Table 500.2-2 Safety Classifications for Refrigerant Blends
- Table 502.3.1 Maximum Allowable Stress Values, ksi
- Table 514 Minimum Thickness of Male Threaded Components
- Table 519.3.1 Thermal Expansion Data, e (IP and SI)
- Table 519.3.2 Moduli of Elasticity, E (IP and SI)
- Table 519.3.6 Illustration
- Table 519.3.6 Flexibility Factor, k, and Stress Intensification Factor, i
- Table 521.3.1 Minimum Sizes of Straps, Rods, and Chains for Hangers
- Table 523.1 Acceptable Materials — Specifications
- Table 523.2.2 Impact Exemption Temperatures
- Table 526.1 Dimensional Standards
- Table 531.2.1 Heat Treatment of Welds
- NONMANDATORY APPENDIX A REFERENCED STANDARDS
- NONMANDATORY APPENDIX B PREPARATION OF TECHNICAL INQUIRIES [Go to Page]
- B-1 INTRODUCTION
- B-2 REQUIREMENTS [Go to Page]
- B-3 SUBMITTAL
- NONMANDATORY APPENDIX C SELECTING APPLICABLE PIPING CODES [Go to Page]
- C-1 GENERAL
- C-2 ASME B31 CODES [Go to Page]
- C-2.1 ASME B31.1 Power Piping
- C-2.2 ASME B31.3 Process Piping
- C-2.3 ASME B31.4 Pipeline Transportation Systems for Liquids and Slurries
- C-2.4 ASME B31.5 Refrigeration Piping and Heat Transfer Components
- C-2.5 ASME B31.8 Gas Transportation and Distribution Piping Systems
- C-2.6 ASME B31.9 Building Services Piping [Go to Page]
- C-2.6.1
- C-2.6.2
- C-2.7 ASME B31.11 Slurry Transportation Piping Systems1
- C-3 OTHER PIPING CODES
- NONMANDATORY APPENDIX D NOMENCLATURE [Go to Page]
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