Significance and Use

This guide contains a listing of those characterization parameters that are directly related to the functionality of chitosan. This guide can be used as an aid in the selection and characterization of the appropriate chitosan or chitosan salt for a particular application. This standard is intended to give guidance in the methods and types of testing necessary to properly characterize, assess, and ensure consistency in the performance of a particular chitosan. It may have use in the regulation of devices containing chitosan by appropriate authorities.

The chitosan salts covered by this guide may be gelled, extruded, or otherwise formulated into biomedical devices for use as tissue-engineered medical products or drug delivery devices for implantation as determined to be appropriate, based on supporting biocompatibility and physical test data. Recommendations in this guide should not be interpreted as a guarantee of clinical success in any tissue-engineered medical product or drug delivery application.

To ensure that the material supplied satisfies requirements for use in TEMPs, several general areas of characterization should be considered. These include identity of chitosan, physical and chemical characterization and testing, impurities profile, and performance-related tests.

1. Scope

1.1 This guide covers the evaluation of chitosan salts suitable for use in biomedical or pharmaceutical applications, or both, including, but not limited to, tissue-engineered medical products (TEMPS).

1.2 This guide addresses key parameters relevant for the functionality, characterization, and purity of chitosan salts.

1.3 As with any material, some characteristics of chitosan may be altered by processing techniques (such as molding, extrusion, machining, assembly, sterilization, and so forth) required for the production of a specific part or device. Therefore, properties of fabricated forms of this polymer should be evaluated using test methods that are appropriate to ensure safety and efficacy.

1.4 Warning Mercury has been designated by EPA and many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA s website (http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm) for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, in your state may be prohibited by state law.

1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.

ASTM Standards

D2196 Test Methods for Rheological Properties of Non-Newtonian Materials by Rotational (Brookfield type) Viscometer

F619 Practice for Extraction of Medical Plastics

F748 Practice for Selecting Generic Biological Test Methods for Materials and Devices

F749 Practice for Evaluating Material Extracts by Intracutaneous Injection in the Rabbit

F756 Practice for Assessment of Hemolytic Properties of Materials

F763 Practice for Short-Term Screening of Implant Materials

F813 Practice for Direct Contact Cell Culture Evaluation of Materials for Medical Devices

F895 Test Method for Agar Diffusion Cell Culture Screening for Cytotoxicity

F981 Practice for Assessment of Compatibility of Biomaterials for Surgical Implants with Respect to Effect of Materials on Muscle and Bone

F1251 Terminology Relating to Polymeric Biomaterials in Medical and Surgical Devices

F1439 Guide for Performance of Lifetime Bioassay for the Tumorigenic Potential of Implant Materials

F1903 Practice for Testing For Biological Responses to Particles In Vitro

F1904 Practice for Testing the Biological Responses to Particles in vivo

F1905 Practice For Selecting Tests for Determining the Propensity of Materials to Cause Immunotoxicity

F1906 Practice for Evaluation of Immune Responses In Biocompatibility Testing Using ELISA Tests, Lymphocyte Proliferation, and Cell Migration

Ph. Eur. Document

ISO Documents

Keywords

biomedical; chitosan salts; tissue-engineered medical product applications (TEMPs); Biomedical materials/applications; Characteristics/characterization--surgical implants/applications; Chitosan salts; Salts; TEMPs (tissue engineered medical products);

ICS Code

ICS Number Code 11.100 (Laboratory medicine); 11.100.99 (Other standards related to laboratory medicine)

DOI: 10.1520/F2103-11

ASTM International is a member of CrossRef.

ASTM F2103