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Description of ASTM-F2097 2010ASTM F2097 - 10Standard Guide for Design and Evaluation of Primary Flexible Packaging for Medical ProductsActive Standard ASTM F2097 | Developed by Subcommittee: F02.50 Book of Standards Volume: 15.10 ASTM F2097Significance and Use This design and evaluation guide describes multiple categories for evaluating flexible medical packages and packaging materials. These include safety, barrier properties, durability, package and seal integrity, visibility and appearance, processing, printing ink properties, and package performance. The intent of this design and evaluation guide is to evaluate all cited categories and select those that are applicable. Once the product has been characterized and the sterilization methodology has been defined, there are numerous sets of requirements for any specific package. This design and evaluation guide provides an avenue for assessing these requirements and choosing test methods for both evaluating the package design and monitoring package compliance. Note 1Many of the standards included in this guide are consensus standards that are recognized by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Selection and use of a U.S. FDA recognized consensus standard is voluntary and the sole responsibility of the user in determining its applicability. For further information, consult the U.S. FDA Medical Device Standards Program at http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/DeviceRegulationandGuidance/Standards/default.htm. Product characterization shall include mass or weight, geometry (length and width, height, and shape) and product composition. All categories must be considered for applicability. The Summary of Test Methods for Medical Packaging Design and Evaluation (Fig. 1) provides a compact graphical presentation of the test methods referenced in this guide. Test Description and Applicability (see Table 1): Table 1 lists the test methods commonly used to evaluate flexible medical packaging. The test methods are used in two phases. Package Design: Characterization of the Materials and Evaluation of the Resultant Package This is referred to as R & D Evaluation in Table 1. Testing during this phase is characterized by the generation of quantitative data on the performance of the component materials and the package assembly. These test methods are lengthy, making them inappropriate for the manufacturing environment where rapid response is required for process control. Often, they are expensive and require specialized equipment not readily available at a medical packaging or device manufacturing facility. Package Compliance: Routine Monitoring of Adherence to Specifications This is referred to as Compliance Testing in Table 1. Testing during this phase must be rapid, inexpensive, and readily implemented in a manufacturing environment. The objective is not to develop design data, but to ensure that the design specifications are being met. These test methods do not necessarily make direct measurements of critical values, but detect variations in material, process, or product that are indicative of all critical characteristics. It is important to note that no individual test method is entirely predictive of final package performance. Filled packages must be evaluated under conditions of use. Once the design of the package and/or packaging materials has been determined, it may be appropriate to create a package and/or material specification. Guides F99 or F2559 may provide useful guidance. 1. Scope 1.1 This guide provides directions for the design and evaluation of primary flexible packages for medical products. The package materials must be selected appropriately for manufacturing process, end use, and the product being packaged. 1.2 This guide provides a compendium of test methods, practices, and procedures. Specific individual test methods must be selected based on the pertinent characteristics of the specific product to be packaged and the purpose for testing, research and development, or compliance. Not all test methods will be applicable. 1.3 This guide does not address acceptability criteria, which need to be determined jointly by the package producer and the medical products manufacturer. 1.4 This guide does not assess the product to be packaged or the sterilization method to be used. 1.5 The units cited in the referenced standard should be used.
ASTM Standards D374 Test Methods for Thickness of Solid Electrical Insulation D589 Test Method for Opacity of Paper (15 Diffuse Illuminant A, 89 % Reflectance Backing and Paper Backing) D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics D645/D645M Test Method for Thickness of Paper and Paperboard D726 Test Method for Resistance of Nonporous Paper to Passage of Air D882 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Thin Plastic Sheeting D1003 Test Method for Haze and Luminous Transmittance of Transparent Plastics D1434 Test Method for Determining Gas Permeability Characteristics of Plastic Film and Sheeting D1709 Test Methods for Impact Resistance of Plastic Film by the Free-Falling Dart Method D1777 Test Method for Thickness of Textile Materials D1894 Test Method for Static and Kinetic Coefficients of Friction of Plastic Film and Sheeting D1922 Test Method for Propagation Tear Resistance of Plastic Film and Thin Sheeting by Pendulum Method D1938 Test Method for Tear-Propagation Resistance (Trouser Tear) of Plastic Film and Thin Sheeting by a Single-Tear Method D2019 Test Method for Dirt in Paper and Paperboard D2457 Test Method for Specular Gloss of Plastic Films and Solid Plastics D3078 Test Method for Determination of Leaks in Flexible Packaging by Bubble Emission D3079 Test Method for Water Vapor Transmission of Flexible Heat-Sealed Packages for Dry Products D3335 Test Method for Low Concentrations of Lead, Cadmium, and Cobalt in Paint by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy D3420 Test Method for Pendulum Impact Resistance of Plastic Film D3718 Test Method for Low Concentrations of Chromium in Paint by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy D3776 Test Methods for Mass Per Unit Area (Weight) of Fabric D3985 Test Method for Oxygen Gas Transmission Rate Through Plastic Film and Sheeting Using a Coulometric Sensor D4169 Practice for Performance Testing of Shipping Containers and Systems D4279 Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Shipping Containers--Constant and Cycle Methods D4321 Test Method for Package Yield of Plastic Film D4754 Test Method for Two-Sided Liquid Extraction of Plastic Materials Using FDA Migration Cell D5264 Practice for Abrasion Resistance of Printed Materials by the Sutherland Rub Tester D7386 Practice for Performance Testing of Packages for Single Parcel Delivery Systems E398 Test Method for Water Vapor Transmission Rate of Sheet Materials Using Dynamic Relative Humidity Measurement F17 Terminology Relating to Flexible Barrier Packaging F88 Test Method for Seal Strength of Flexible Barrier Materials F99 Guide for Writing a Specification for Flexible Barrier Rollstock Materials F151 Test Method for Residual Solvents in Flexible Barrier Materials F372 Test Method for Water Vapor Transmission Rate of Flexible Barrier Materials Using an Infrared Detection Technique F392 Test Method for Flex Durability of Flexible Barrier Materials F748 Practice for Selecting Generic Biological Test Methods for Materials and Devices F813 Practice for Direct Contact Cell Culture Evaluation of Materials for Medical Devices F895 Test Method for Agar Diffusion Cell Culture Screening for Cytotoxicity F904 Test Method for Comparison of Bond Strength or Ply Adhesion of Similar Laminates Made from Flexible Materials F1140 Test Methods for Internal Pressurization Failure Resistance of Unrestrained Packages F1249 Test Method for Water Vapor Transmission Rate Through Plastic Film and Sheeting Using a Modulated Infrared Sensor F1306 Test Method for Slow Rate Penetration Resistance of Flexible Barrier Films and Laminates F1307 Test Method for Oxygen Transmission Rate Through Dry Packages Using a Coulometric Sensor F1443 Practice for Using 0.008-in. (0.203-mm) Aperture Reflectometers as Test Instruments for Measuring Visual Image Quality of Business Copy Images F1608 Test Method for Microbial Ranking of Porous Packaging Materials (Exposure Chamber Method) F1884 Test Methods for Determining Residual Solvents in Packaging Materials F1886 Test Method for Determining Integrity of Seals for Medical Packaging by Visual Inspection F1921 Test Methods for Hot Seal Strength (Hot Tack) of Thermoplastic Polymers and Blends Comprising the Sealing Surfaces of Flexible Webs F1927 Test Method for Determination of Oxygen Gas Transmission Rate, Permeability and Permeance at Controlled Relative Humidity Through Barrier Materials Using a Coulometric Detector F1929 Test Method for Detecting Seal Leaks in Porous Medical Packaging by Dye Penetration F1980 Guide for Accelerated Aging of Sterile Barrier Systems for Medical Devices F2029 Practices for Making Heatseals for Determination of Heatsealability of Flexible Webs as Measured by Seal Strength F2054 Test Method for Burst Testing of Flexible Package Seals Using Internal Air Pressurization Within Restraining Plates F2095 Test Methods for Pressure Decay Leak Test for Flexible Packages With and Without Restraining Plates F2096 Test Method for Detecting Gross Leaks in Packaging by Internal Pressurization (Bubble Test) F2203 Test Method for Linear Measurement Using Precision Steel Rule F2217 Practice for Coating/Adhesive Weight Determination F2227 Test Method for Non-Destructive Detection of Leaks in Non-sealed and Empty Medical Packaging Trays by CO2 Tracer Gas Method F2228 Test Method for Non-Destructive Detection of Leaks in Medical Packaging Which Incorporates Porous Barrier Material by CO2 Tracer Gas Method F2250 Practice for Evaluation of Chemical Resistance of Printed Inks and Coatings on Flexible Packaging Materials F2251 Test Method for Thickness Measurement of Flexible Packaging Material F2252 Practice for Evaluating Ink or Coating Adhesion to Flexible Packaging Materials Using Tape F2338 Test Method for Nondestructive Detection of Leaks in Packages by Vacuum Decay Method F2391 Test Method for Measuring Package and Seal Integrity Using Helium as the Tracer Gas F2475 Guide for Biocompatibility Evaluation of Medical Device Packaging Materials F2476 Test Method for the Determination of Carbon Dioxide Gas Transmission Rate (Co2TR) Through Barrier Materials Using An Infrared Detector F2559 Guide for Writing a Specification for Sterilizable Peel Pouches F2638 Test Method for Using Aerosol Filtration for Measuring the Performance of Porous Packaging Materials as a Surrogate Microbial Barrier EN/ISO Standards ISO 151052 Plastics--Film and Sheeting--Determination of Gas Transmission Rate--Part 2: Equal-Pressure MethodMilitary Specification Mil Spec 36954C Bacterial Filtration EfficiencyTAPPI Standards TAPPI T 547 Air Permeance of Paper and Paperboard (Sheffield Method)Keywords Design; Flexible packaging materials; Medical/surgical packaging materials ; ICS Code ICS Number Code 11.020 (Medical sciences and health care facilities in general); 55.020 (Packaging and distibution of goods in general) DOI: 10.1520/F2097-10 ASTM International is a member of CrossRef. 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