1. Scope

1.1 This fire-test-response standard determines and quantifies synthetic polymer material flammability characteristics, related to the propensity of materials to support fire propagation, by means of a fire propagation apparatus (FPA). Material flammability characteristics that are quantified include time to ignition ( t _ign ), chemical ( Q _chem ), and convective ( Q _c ) heat release rates, mass loss rate ( m ) and effective heat of combustion (EHC).

1.2 The following test methods, capable of being performed separately and independently, are included herein:

1.2.1 Ignition Test , to determine t _ign for a horizontal specimen;

1.2.2 Combustion Test , to determine Q _chem , Q _c' m , and EHC from burning of a horizontal specimen; and,

1.2.3 Fire Propagation Test to determine Q _chem from burning of a vertical specimen.

1.3 Distinguishing features of the FPA include tungsten-quartz external, isolated heaters to provide a radiant flux of up to 65 kW/m ² to the test specimen, which remains constant whether the surface regresses or expands; provision for combustion or upward fire propagation in prescribed flows of normal air, air enriched with up to 40 % oxygen, air oxygen vitiated, pure nitrogen or mixtures of gaseous suppression agents with the preceding air mixtures; and, the capability of measuring heat release rates and exhaust product flows generated during upward fire propagation on a vertical test specimen 0.305 m high.

1.4 The FPA is used to evaluate the flammability of synthetic polymer materials and products. It is also designed to obtain the transient response of such materials and products to prescribed heat fluxes in specified inert or oxidizing environments and to obtain laboratory measurements of generation rates of fire products (CO ₂ , CO, and, if desired, gaseous hydrocarbons) for use in fire safety engineering.

1.5 Ignition of the specimen is by means of a pilot flame at a prescribed location with respect to the specimen surface.

1.6 The Fire Propagation test of vertical specimens is not suitable for materials that, on heating, melt sufficiently to form a liquid pool.

1.7 Values stated are in SI units. Values in parentheses are for information only.

1.8 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products or assemblies under actual fire conditions.

1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 7.

2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.

ASTM Standards

E176 Terminology of Fire Standards

E906 Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke Release Rates for Materials and Products Using a Thermopile Method

E1321 Test Method for Determining Material Ignition and Flame Spread Properties

E1354 Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke Release Rates for Materials and Products Using an Oxygen Consumption Calorimeter

E1623 Test Method for Determination of Fire and Thermal Parameters of Materials, Products, and Systems Using an Intermediate Scale Calorimeter (ICAL)

Keywords

effective heat of combustion; fire propagation apparatus; flammability characteristics; upward fire propagation;

ICS Code

ICS Number Code 13.220.40 (Ignitability and burning behaviour of materials and products); 59.060.20 (Man-made fibres)

DOI: 10.1520/E2058-02

ASTM International is a member of CrossRef.