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Description of ASTM-E177 2013ASTM E177 - 13Standard Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test MethodsActive Standard ASTM E177 | Developed by Subcommittee: E11.20 Book of Standards Volume: 14.02 ASTM E177Significance and Use 4.1 Part A of the Blue Book, Form and Style for ASTM Standards , requires that all test methods include statements of precision and bias. This practice discusses these two concepts and provides guidance for their use in statements about test methods. 4.2 Precision A statement of precision allows potential users of a test method to assess in general terms the test method's usefulness with respect to variability in proposed applications. A statement of precision is not intended to exhibit values that can be exactly duplicated in every user's laboratory. Instead, the statement provides guidelines as to the magnitude of variability that can be expected between test results when the method is used in one, or in two or more, reasonably competent laboratories. For a discussion of precision, see 8.1 . 4.3 Bias A statement of bias furnishes guidelines on the relationship between a set of typical test results produced by the test method under specific test conditions and a related set of accepted reference values (see 9.1 ). 4.3.1 An alternative term for bias is trueness, which has a positive connotation, in that greater bias is associated with less favorable trueness. Trueness is the systematic component of accuracy. 4.4 Accuracy The term accuracy, used in earlier editions of Practice E177, embraces both precision and bias (see 9.3 ). 1. Scope 1.1 The purpose of this practice is to present concepts necessary to the understanding of the terms precision and bias as used in quantitative test methods. This practice also describes methods of expressing precision and bias and, in a final section, gives examples of how statements on precision and bias may be written for ASTM test methods. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.
ASTM Standards E178 Practice for Dealing With Outlying Observations E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method E2282 Guide for Defining the Test Result of a Test Method Keywords accepted reference value; accuracy; bias; interlaboratory study; precision; precision conditions; repeatability; reproducibility; standard deviation; ICS Code ICS Number Code 19.020 (Test conditions and procedures in general) DOI: 10.1520/E0177-13 ASTM International is a member of CrossRef. ASTM E177The following editions for this book are also available...
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About ASTMASTM International, formerly known as the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), is a globally recognized leader in the development and delivery of international voluntary consensus standards. Today, some 12,000 ASTM standards are used around the world to improve product quality, enhance safety, facilitate market access and trade, and build consumer confidence. ASTM’s leadership in international standards development is driven by the contributions of its members: more than 30,000 of the world’s top technical experts and business professionals representing 150 countries. Working in an open and transparent process and using ASTM’s advanced electronic infrastructure, ASTM members deliver the test methods, specifications, guides, and practices that support industries and governments worldwide. |
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