1. Scope

1.1 This guide is intended to assist design engineers, manufacturing/industrial engineers, and production managers in selecting the best-fit adhesive/sealant or bonding/sealing process. The guide takes into account environmental pollution prevention and occupational health and safety factors in a selection process.

1.2 This guide is not to be considered as a database of acceptable materials. It will guide the engineers and managers through the adhesive/sealant material selection process, calling for engineers to customize their selection based on the bonding or sealing performance requirements for the specified application. A comprehensive selection process will allow for the establishment of a more efficient production process, and may eliminate unnecessary process steps. A total life cycle cost analysis or performance/cost of implementation study is recommended to compare the available alternatives.

1.3 This guide is for aerospace and general purpose operations. It is not intended to be used for automotive, carpet, construction, electronics, medical/dental, optical, or structural and nonstructural wood applications. Note that this guide is not specifically for these applications, but the general methodology may be used in the selection process for these applications.

1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.

ASTM Standards

D56 Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Cup Tester

D896 Practice for Resistance of Adhesive Bonds to Chemical Reagents

D897 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Adhesive Bonds

D903 Test Method for Peel or Stripping Strength of Adhesive Bonds

D905 Test Method for Strength Properties of Adhesive Bonds in Shear by Compression Loading

D907 Terminology of Adhesives

D950 Test Method for Impact Strength of Adhesive Bonds

D1002 Test Method for Apparent Shear Strength of Single-Lap-Joint Adhesively Bonded Metal Specimens by Tension Loading (Metal-to-Metal)

D1062 Test Method for Cleavage Strength of Metal-to-Metal Adhesive Bonds

D1084 Test Methods for Viscosity of Adhesives

D1144 Practice for Determining Strength Development of Adhesive Bonds

D1146 Test Method for Blocking Point of Potentially Adhesive Layers

D1151 Practice for Effect of Moisture and Temperature on Adhesive Bonds

D1183 Practices for Resistance of Adhesives to Cyclic Laboratory Aging Conditions

D1184 Test Method for Flexural Strength of Adhesive Bonded Laminated Assemblies

D1310 Test Method for Flash Point and Fire Point of Liquids by Tag Open-Cup Apparatus

D1337 Practice for Storage Life of Adhesives by Viscosity and Bond Strength

D1338 Practice for Working Life of Liquid or Paste Adhesives by Consistency and Bond Strength

D1780 Practice for Conducting Creep Tests of Metal-to-Metal Adhesives

D1781 Test Method for Climbing Drum Peel for Adhesives

D1828 Practice for Atmospheric Exposure of Adhesive-Bonded Joints and Structures

D1875 Test Method for Density of Adhesives in Fluid Form

D1876 Test Method for Peel Resistance of Adhesives (T-Peel Test)

D1879 Practice for Exposure of Adhesive Specimens to Ionizing Radiation

D1916 Test Method for Penetration of Adhesives

D1994 Test Method for Determination of Acid Numbers of Hot-Melt Adhesives

D1995 Test Methods for Multi-Modal Strength Testing of Autohesives (Contact Adhesives)

D2093 Practice for Preparation of Surfaces of Plastics Prior to Adhesive Bonding

D2095 Test Method for Tensile Strength of Adhesives by Means of Bar and Rod Specimens

D2240 Test Method for Rubber Property--Durometer Hardness

D2293 Test Method for Creep Properties of Adhesives in Shear by Compression Loading (Metal-to-Metal)

D2294 Test Method for Creep Properties of Adhesives in Shear by Tension Loading (Metal-to-Metal)

D2295 Test Method for Strength Properties of Adhesives in Shear by Tension Loading at Elevated Temperatures (Metal-to-Metal)

D2556 Test Method for Apparent Viscosity of Adhesives Having Shear-Rate-Dependent Flow Properties

D2557 Test Method for Tensile-Shear Strength of Adhesives in the Subzero Temperature Range from -267.8 to -55C (-450 to -67F)

D2583 Test Method for Indentation Hardness of Rigid Plastics by Means of a Barcol Impressor

D2651 Guide for Preparation of Metal Surfaces for Adhesive Bonding

D2674 Methods of Analysis of Sulfochromate Etch Solution Used in Surface Preparation of Aluminum

D2918 Test Method for Durability Assessment of Adhesive Joints Stressed in Peel

D2919 Test Method for Determining Durability of Adhesive Joints Stressed in Shear by Tension Loading

D2979 Test Method for Pressure-Sensitive Tack of Adhesives Using an Inverted Probe Machine

D3111 Test Method for Flexibility Determination of Hot-Melt Adhesives by Mandrel Bend Test Method

D3121 Test Method for Tack of Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives by Rolling Ball

D3163 Test Method for Determining Strength of Adhesively Bonded Rigid Plastic Lap-Shear Joints in Shear by Tension Loading

D3164 Test Method for Strength Properties of Adhesively Bonded Plastic Lap-Shear Sandwich Joints in Shear by Tension Loading

D3165 Test Method for Strength Properties of Adhesives in Shear by Tension Loading of Single-Lap-Joint Laminated Assemblies

D3166 Test Method for Fatigue Properties of Adhesives in Shear by Tension Loading (Metal/Metal)

D3167 Test Method for Floating Roller Peel Resistance of Adhesives

D3278 Test Methods for Flash Point of Liquids by Small Scale Closed-Cup Apparatus

D3310 Test Method for Determining Corrosivity of Adhesive Materials

D3433 Test Method for Fracture Strength in Cleavage of Adhesives in Bonded Metal Joints

D3528 Test Method for Strength Properties of Double Lap Shear Adhesive Joints by Tension Loading

D3632 Test Method for Accelerated Aging of Adhesive Joints by the Oxygen-Pressure Method

D3762 Test Method for Adhesive-Bonded Surface Durability of Aluminum (Wedge Test)

D3807 Test Method for Strength Properties of Adhesives in Cleavage Peel by Tension Loading (Engineering Plastics-to-Engineering Plastics)

D3929 Test Method for Evaluating Stress Cracking of Plastics by Adhesives Using the Bent-Beam Method

D3931 Test Method for Determining Strength of Gap-Filling Adhesive Bonds in Shear by Compression Loading

D3933 Guide for Preparation of Aluminum Surfaces for Structural Adhesives Bonding (Phosphoric Acid Anodizing)

D3983 Test Method for Measuring Strength and Shear Modulus of Nonrigid Adhesives by the Thick-Adherend Tensile-Lap Specimen

D4027 Test Method for Measuring Shear Properties of Structural Adhesives by the Modified-Rail Test

D4317 Specification for Polyvinyl Acetate-Based Emulsion Adhesives

D4339 Test Method for Determination of the Odor of Adhesives

D4497 Test Method for Determining the Open Time of Hot Melt Adhesives (Manual Method)

D4498 Test Method for Heat-Fail Temperature in Shear of Hot Melt Adhesives

D4499 Test Method for Heat Stability of Hot-Melt Adhesives

D4501 Test Method for Shear Strength of Adhesive Bonds Between Rigid Substrates by the Block-Shear Method

D4562 Test Method for Shear Strength of Adhesives Using Pin-and-Collar Specimen

D4689 Specification for Adhesive, Casein-Type

D4690 Specification for Urea-Formaldehyde Resin Adhesives

D4783 Test Methods for Resistance of Adhesive Preparations in Container to Attack by Bacteria, Yeast, and Fungi

D4800 Guide for Classifying and Specifying Adhesives

D5041 Test Method for Fracture Strength in Cleavage of Adhesives in Bonded Joints

D5267 Test Method for Determination of Extrudability of Cartridge Adhesives

D5363 Specification for Anaerobic Single-Component Adhesives (AN)

D5573 Practice for Classifying Failure Modes in Fiber-Reinforced-Plastic (FRP) Joints

D5648 Test Method for Torque-Tension Relationship of Adhesives Used on Threaded Fasteners (Lubricity)

D5649 Test Method for Torque Strength of Adhesives Used on Threaded Fasteners

D5656 Test Method for Thick-Adherend Metal Lap-Shear Joints for Determination of the Stress-Strain Behavior of Adhesives in Shear by Tension Loading

D5657 Test Method for Fluid Tightness Ability of Adhesives Used on Threaded Fasteners

D5868 Test Method for Lap Shear Adhesion for Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP) Bonding

D6195 Test Methods for Loop Tack

D6361 Guide for Selecting Cleaning Agents and Processes

E229 Test Method for Shear Strength and Shear Modulus of Structural Adhesives

Keywords

adhesives; aerospace; glue; sealants; Adhesives (aerospace); Aerospace applications; Bond strength--aerospace materials; Engineered aerospace materials/applications; Sealants (aerospace applications)

ICS Code

ICS Number Code 49.025.50 (Adhesives); 83.180 (Adhesives)

DOI: 10.1520/D6465-99R05

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