Significance and Use

These procedures provide an indication of the environmental stress-crack resistance of plastic tighthead drums. This test method may be used for determining the applicability of various plastic resins, mold designs, processing techniques and parameters for plastic tighthead drums.

Environmental stress cracking is indicative of what results when a container is exposed to chemical agents such as soaps, organics, bleaches, or any surface active solutions while under conditions of stress.

Environmental stress cracking is a mechanism of chemical attack that is highly dependent upon the test reagent, resin, drum manufacturing or processing history, exposure temperature, and applied stress. The combination of these factors may result in eventual stress crack failure.

Both procedures minimize the potential for test variability by providing the user with rigidly defined test conditions. This test method may be used as design qualification and auditing tools for plastic tighthead drums.

This test method is not meant to provide a quantitative value of measurement (that is, number of days to failure). It is intended only as a pass/fail procedure in accordance with user's specifications, or as agreed upon between the user and supplier. It is not intended as a predictor or indicator of field performance regarding time to failure.

1. Scope

1.1 This test method provides an indication of the environmental stress crack resistance of plastic tighthead drums as a summation of the effects of container design, resin, manufacturing conditions, field performance, and other factors.

1.2 This test method may be used to evaluate a plastic drum's resistance to failure by cracking when in the presence of chemical and physical stresses.

1.3 Two procedures are provided as follows:

1.3.1 Procedure A Internal pressure stress crack resistance method to nonyl phenoxypoly (ethyleneoxy) ethanol solution, a stress cracking reagent. The internal pressure is controlled at a constant elevated pressure and temperature.

1.3.2 Procedure B Top-load stress crack resistance method to nonyl phenoxypoly ethanol, a stress cracking reagent. The compressive top load is controlled at a constant weight while maintaining an elevated temperature.

1.4 Although these procedures are not designed to test the ability of the closure or closure gasket material to retain the test reagent, the inclusion of closure failure as a container failure mode is optional. However, leakage through a closure may affect the internal pressure that could affect the test results.

1.5 This test method does not attempt to address all factors that could lead to stress cracking of plastic drums. The user of this standard may use other test parameters, such as top loads, chemical reagents, etc., as agreed upon between the user and supplier in the event of a drum qualification or purchase agreement.

1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only.

1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are given in 6.2.

2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.

ASTM Standards

D996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environments

D4577 Test Method for Compression Resistance of a Container Under Constant Load

E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate, With Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a Lot or Process

Keywords

drum; environmental stress crack; internal pressure; plastic; stacking; stress crack; tighthead; Stress--plastics; Stress cracking tests; Tighthead drum; Drums; Environmental stress crack resistance (ESCR); Internal pressure/testing; Plastic shipping materials/applications; Pressure testing--packaging/containers; Shipping containers/materials/applications; Stacking test; Stress--environmental effects;

ICS Code

ICS Number Code 55.140 (Barrels. Drums. Canisters)

DOI: 10.1520/D5571-94R10

ASTM International is a member of CrossRef.

ASTM D5571