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eLibrary > IEC/IEEE International Standard for Determining the Peak Spatial Average Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) in the Human Body from Wireless Communications Devices, 30 MHz - 6 GHz. Part 1: General Requirements for using the Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) >

IEC/IEEE International Standard for Determining the Peak Spatial Average Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) in the Human Body from Wireless Communications Devices, 30 MHz - 6 GHz. Part 1: General Requirements for using the Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD), 2017

This document is reproduced and distributed under license from The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Incorporated (IEEE), 445 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854 and is protected by United States and international copyright laws and treaties. No part of this publication may be reproduced, in any form and in any medium, without the prior written consent of the IEEE. If you have any questions, please contact MADCAD.com at support@madcad.com or call at 1.800.798.9296.

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IEC/IEEE International Standard for Determining the Peak Spatial Average Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) in the Human Body from Wireless Communications Devices, 30 MHz - 6 GHz. Part 1: General Requirements for using the Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD), 2017

CONTENTS
FOREWORD
INTRODUCTION
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Abbreviated terms
5 Finite-difference time-domain method – basic definition
6 SAR calculation and averaging [Go to Page]
6.1 Calculation of SAR in FDTD voxels
6.2 SAR averaging [Go to Page]
6.2.1 General
6.2.2 Calculation of the peak spatial-average SAR
6.2.3 Calculation of the whole body average SAR
6.2.4 Reporting peak spatial-average SAR and whole body average SAR
6.2.5 Referencing peak spatial-average SAR and whole body average SAR
6.3 Power scaling
7 SAR simulation uncertainty [Go to Page]
7.1 Considerations for the uncertainty evaluation
7.2 Uncertainty of the test setup with respect to simulation parameters [Go to Page]
7.2.1 General
7.2.2 Positioning
7.2.3 Mesh resolution
7.2.4 Absorbing boundary conditions
7.2.5 Power budget
7.2.6 Convergence
7.2.7 Dielectrics of the phantom or body model
7.3 Uncertainty and validation of the developed numerical model of the DUT [Go to Page]
7.3.1 General
7.3.2 Uncertainty of the DUT model (d ≥ λ/2 or d ≥ 200 mm)
7.3.3 Uncertainty of the DUT model (d ≥ λ/2 and ≥ 200 mm)
7.3.4 Model validation
7.4 Uncertainty budget
8 Code verification [Go to Page]
8.1 General
8.2 Code accuracy [Go to Page]
8.2.1 Free space characteristics
8.2.2 Planar dielectric boundaries
8.2.3 Absorbing boundary conditions
8.2.4 SAR averaging
8.3 Canonical benchmarks [Go to Page]
8.3.1 Generic dipole
8.3.2 Microstrip terminated with ABC
8.3.3 SAR calculation SAM phantom / generic phone
8.3.4 Setup for system performance check
Annex A (normative)Fundamentals of the FDTD method
Annex B (normative)SAR Star [Go to Page]
B.1 CAD files of the SAR Star
B.2 Mesh lines for the SAR Star [Go to Page]
B.2.1 General
B.2.2 Mesh lines for the homogeneous SAR Star
B.2.3 Mesh lines for the inhomogeneous SAR Star
B.3 Evaluation of the SAR Star benchmark [Go to Page]
B.3.1 General
B.3.2 File format of the benchmark output
B.3.3 Evaluation script
Annex C (informative)Practical considerations for the application of FDTD [Go to Page]
C.1 Overview
C.2 Practical considerations [Go to Page]
C.2.1 Computational requirements
C.2.2 Voxel size
C.2.3 Stability
C.2.4 Absorbing boundaries
C.2.5 Far-zone transformation
C.3 Modelling requirements for sources and loads
C.4 Calculation of S-parameters
C.5 Calculation of power and efficiency
C.6 Non-uniform meshes
Annex D (informative)Background information ontissue modelling and anatomical models [Go to Page]
D.1 Dielectric tissue properties
D.2 Anatomical models of the human body
D.3 Recommended numerical models of experimental phantoms [Go to Page]
D.3.1 Experimental head phantom
D.3.2 Experimental body phantom
Bibliography
Figures [Go to Page]
Figure 1 – Field components on voxel edges
Figure 2 – Flow chart of the SAR averaging algorithm
Figure 3 – Illustration of valid and used voxels in a valid averaging cube centred on the highlighted voxel and an invalid averaging volume for which a new cube has to be expanded about the surface voxel because it contains more than 10 % of background material
Figure 4 – Valid, used and partially used voxels
Figure 5 – “Unused” location
Figure 6 – Aligned parallel-plate waveguide and locations of theEy-field components to be recorded for TE-polarization
Figure 7 – Permissible power reflection coefficient (grey range) for the aligned absorbing boundary conditions
Figure 8 – Tilted parallel-plate waveguide terminated with absorbing boundary conditions and locations of the Ey-field components to be recorded for TE-polarization
Figure 9 – Permissible power reflection coefficient (grey range) for the tilted absorbing boundary conditions
Figure 10 – Sketch of the testing geometry of the averaging algorithm
Figure 11 – 3D view of the SAR Star
Figure 12 – Geometry of the microstrip line
Figure 13 – Geometry of the setup for the system performance check according to [31]
Figure A.1 – Voxel showing the arrangement of the E- and H-field vector components on a staggered mesh
Figure A.2 – Voxels with different dielectric propertiessurrounding a mesh edge with an Ey-component
Figure C.1 – FDTD voltage source with source resistance
Figure C.2 – Four magnetic field components surrounding the electric field component where the source is located
Tables [Go to Page]
Table 1 – Voxel states during SAR averaging
Table 2 – Factors contributing to the uncertainty of experimentaland numerical SAR evaluation
Table 3 – Budget of the uncertainty contributions of the numerical algorithm and of the rendering of the test- or simulation-setup
Table 4 – Budget of the uncertainty of the developed model of the DUT
Table 5 – Numerical uncertainty budget
Table 6 – Results of the evaluation of the numerical dispersion characteristics
Table 7 – Results of the evaluation of the numerical reflection coefficient
Table 8 – Results of the dipole evaluation
Table 9 – Results of the microstrip evaluation
Table 10 – 1 g and 10 g psSAR for the SAM phantom exposed to the generic phone for 1 W accepted antenna power as specified in [22]
Table 11 – Dielectric parameters of the setup (Table 1 of [31])
Table 12 – Mechanical parameters of the setup (Tables 1 and 2 of [31])
Table 13 – psSAR normalized to 1 W forward power and feedpoint impedance (Tables 3 and 4 of [31]) [Go to Page]

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IEC/IEEE International Standard for Determining the Peak Spatial Average Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) in the Human Body from Wireless Communications Devices, 30 MHz - 6 GHz. Part 1: General Requirements for using the Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD), 2017

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