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eLibrary > PD IEC TR 61292-6:2023 - TC Tracked Changes. Optical amplifiers - Distributed Raman amplification >

PD IEC TR 61292-6:2023 - TC Tracked Changes. Optical amplifiers - Distributed Raman amplification, 2023

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PD IEC TR 61292-6:2023 - TC Tracked Changes. Optical amplifiers - Distributed Raman amplification, 2023

30469513
A-30448628 [Go to Page]
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CONTENTS
FOREWORD
INTRODUCTION
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms, definitions, and abbreviated terms [Go to Page]
3.1 Terms and definitions
3.2 Abbreviated terms
4 Background [Go to Page]
4.1 General
4.2 Raman amplification process
Figures [Go to Page]
Figure 1 – Stimulated Raman scattering process andRaman gain spectrum for silica fibres
4.3 Distributed vs. lumped amplification
Figure 2 – Distributed vs. lumped amplification
4.4 Tailoring the Raman gain spectrum
4.5 Forward and backward pumping configuration
Figure 3 – The use of multiple pump wavelengths to achieve flat broadband gain
Figure 4 – Simulation results showing pump and signal propagation along an SMF span
4.6 Typical performance of DRA
Figure 5 – On-off gain and equivalent NF for SMF using a dual pumpbackward DRA with pumps at 1 424 nm and 1 452 nm
5 Applications of distributed Raman amplification [Go to Page]
5.1 General
5.2 All-Raman systems
5.3 Hybrid EDFA Raman systems [Go to Page]
5.3.1 General
5.3.2 Long repeaterless links
Figure 6 – Typical configuration of an amplification site in an all-Raman system [Go to Page]
5.3.3 Long span masking in multi-span links
5.3.4 High capacity long haul and ultra-long-haul systems
6 Performance characteristics and test methods [Go to Page]
6.1 General
6.2 Performance of the Raman pump module [Go to Page]
6.2.1 Basic configuration
6.2.2 Pump wavelengths
6.2.3 Pump output power
6.2.4 Pump degree-of-polarization (DOP)
Figure 7 – Typical configuration of a Raman pump module usedfor counter-propagating DRA [Go to Page]
6.2.5 Pump relative intensity noise (RIN)
6.2.6 Insertion loss
Figure 8 – Model for signal insertion loss (IL) of a Raman pump moduleused for counter-propagating DRA [Go to Page]
6.2.7 Other passive characteristics
6.3 System level performance [Go to Page]
6.3.1 General
6.3.2 On-off signal gain
6.3.3 Gain flatness
Figure 9 – Typical configuration used to measure on-off gain of DRA [Go to Page]
6.3.4 Polarization dependant gain (PDG)
6.3.5 Equivalent noise figure
6.3.6 Multi-path interference (MPI)
7 Operational issues [Go to Page]
7.1 General
7.2 Dependence of Raman gain on transmission fibre
7.3 Fibre line quality
7.4 High pump power issues [Go to Page]
7.4.1 General
Figure 10 – Variations of Raman on-off gain for different transmission fibres [Go to Page]
7.4.2 Laser safety
7.4.3 Damage to the fibre line
8 Conclusions
Bibliography [Go to Page]

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