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BS EN IEC 55016-1-4:2019 - TC Tracked Changes. Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods - Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus. Antennas and test sites for radiated disturbance. measurements, 2020
- 30342360_NEW.pdf [Go to Page]
- undefined
- Annex ZA(normative)Normative references to international publicationswith their corresponding European publications
- English [Go to Page]
- CONTENTS
- FOREWORD
- 1 Scope
- 2 Normative references
- 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms [Go to Page]
- 3.1 Terms and definitions
- 3.2 Abbreviated terms
- 4 Antennas for measurement of radiated radio disturbance [Go to Page]
- 4.1 General
- 4.2 Physical parameter (measurand) for radiated disturbance measurements
- 4.3 Antennas for the frequency range 9 kHz to 150 kHz [Go to Page]
- 4.3.1 General
- 4.3.2 Magnetic field antenna
- 4.3.3 Shielding of loop antenna
- 4.4 Antennas for the frequency range 150 kHz to 30 MHz [Go to Page]
- 4.4.1 Electric field antenna
- 4.4.2 Magnetic field antenna
- 4.4.3 Balance and electric field discrimination of antennas
- 4.5 Antennas for the frequency range 30 MHz to 1 000 MHz [Go to Page]
- 4.5.1 General
- 4.5.2 Low-uncertainty antenna for use if there is an alleged non-compliance to the electric disturbance field strength limit
- 4.5.3 Antenna characteristics
- Figure 1 – Schematic of radiation from EUT reaching an LPDA antenna directly and via ground reflection at a 3 m site, showing the beamwidth half-angle, (, at the reflected ray [Go to Page]
- 4.5.4 Balance of antenna
- Figures [Go to Page]
- [Go to Page]
- 4.5.5 Cross-polar response of antenna
- 4.6 Antennas for the frequency range 1 GHz to 18 GHz [Go to Page]
- 4.6.1 General
- 4.6.2 Receive antenna
- Figure 2 – RX antenna E-plane radiation pattern example, with limit area shaded for 3 m distance and 2 m EUT width
- Figure 3 – Determination of maximum useable EUT width using half-power beamwidth
- 4.7 Special antenna arrangements – large-loop antenna system
- 5 Test sites for measurement of radio disturbance field strength for the frequency range of 9 kHz to 30 MHz [Go to Page]
- Figure 4 – Determination of maximum useable EUT height using half-power beamwidth
- 6 Test sites for measurement of radio disturbance field strength for the frequency range of 30 MHz to 1 000 MHz [Go to Page]
- 6.1 General
- 6.2 OATS [Go to Page]
- 6.2.1 General
- 6.2.2 Weather-protection enclosure
- 6.2.3 Obstruction-free area
- 6.2.4 Radio-frequency ambient environment of a test site
- Figure 5 – Obstruction-free area of a test site with a turntable
- Figure 6 – Obstruction-free area with stationary EUT [Go to Page]
- 6.2.5 Ground plane
- 6.3 Suitability of other test sites [Go to Page]
- 6.3.1 Other ground-plane test sites
- 6.3.2 Test sites without ground plane (FAR)
- 6.4 Test site validations [Go to Page]
- 6.4.1 General
- Tables [Go to Page]
- Table 1 – Site validation methods applicablefor OATS, OATS-based, SAC, and FAR site types [Go to Page]
- 6.4.2 Overview of test site validations
- 6.5 Basic parameters of the NSA method for OATS and SAC [Go to Page]
- 6.5.1 General equation and table of theoretical NSA values
- Table 2 – Theoretical normalized site attenuation, AN – recommended geometries for broadband antennasa (1 of 2) [Go to Page]
- 6.5.2 Antenna calibration
- 6.6 Reference site method for OATS and SAC [Go to Page]
- 6.6.1 General
- 6.6.2 Antennas not permitted for RSM measurements
- 6.6.3 Determination of the antenna pair reference site attenuation on a REFTS
- Table 3 – Example template for AAPR data sets
- Table 4 – RSM frequency steps [Go to Page]
- 6.6.4 Determination of the antenna pair reference site attenuation using an averaging technique on a large OATS
- Figure 7 – Test point locations for 3 m and 10 m test distances
- Figure 8 – Paired test point locations for all test distances
- Figure 9 – Example of paired test point selection for a test distance of 10 m
- 6.7 Validation of an OATS by the NSA method [Go to Page]
- 6.7.1 Discrete frequency method
- Figure 10 – Illustration of an investigation of influence of antenna mast on AAPR [Go to Page]
- 6.7.2 Swept frequency method
- 6.8 Validation of a weather-protection-enclosed OATS or a SAC
- Figure 11 – Typical antenna positions for a weather-protected OATS or a SAC – vertical polarization validation measurements
- Figure 12 – Typical antenna positions for a weather-protected OATS or a SAC – horizontal polarization validation measurements
- 6.9 Possible causes for exceeding site acceptability limits
- Figure 13 – Typical antenna positions for a weather-protected OATS or a SAC – vertical polarization validation measurements for a smaller EUT
- Figure 14 – Typical antenna positions for a weather-protected OATS or a SAC – horizontal polarization validation measurements for a smaller EUT
- 6.10 Site validation for FARs [Go to Page]
- 6.10.1 General
- Table 5 – Maximum dimensions of test volume versus test distance
- Figure 15 – Measurement positions for FAR site validation [Go to Page]
- 6.10.2 RSM for FAR sites
- Figure 16 – Example of one measurement position and antenna tiltfor FAR site validation
- Table 6 – Frequency ranges and step sizes for FAR site validation [Go to Page]
- 6.10.3 NSA method for FAR sites
- Figure 17 – Typical quasi free-space test site reference SA measurement set-up [Go to Page]
- 6.10.4 Site validation criteria for FAR sites
- 6.11 Evaluation of set-up table and antenna tower [Go to Page]
- 6.11.1 General
- Figure 18 – Theoretical free-space NSA as a function of frequency for different measurement distances [see Equation (16)] [Go to Page]
- 6.11.2 Evaluation procedure for set-up table influences
- 7 Test sites for measurement of radio disturbance field strength for the frequency range 1 GHz to 18 GHz [Go to Page]
- 7.1 General
- Figure 19 – Position of the antenna relative to the edge above a rectangle set-up table (top view)
- Figure 20 – Antenna position abovethe set-up table (side view)
- 7.2 Reference test site
- 7.3 Test site validation [Go to Page]
- 7.3.1 General
- 7.3.2 Acceptance criterion for site validation
- 7.4 Antenna requirements for SVSWR standard test procedure [Go to Page]
- 7.4.1 General
- 7.4.2 Transmit antenna
- Figure 21 – Transmit antenna E-plane radiation pattern example(this example is for informative purposes only) [Go to Page]
- 7.4.3 Antennas and test equipment for the SVSWR reciprocal test procedure
- Figure 22 – Transmit antenna H-plane radiation pattern(this example is for informative purposes only)
- 7.5 Required positions for site validation testing [Go to Page]
- 7.5.1 General
- 7.5.2 Descriptions of SVSWR measurement positions in a horizontal plane (Figure 23)
- Figure 23 – SVSWR measurement positions in a horizontal plane(see 7.5.2 for description) [Go to Page]
- 7.5.3 Descriptions of SVSWR additional measurement positions (Figure 24)
- 7.5.4 Summary of SVSWR measurement positions
- Figure 24 – SVSWR positions (height requirements)
- Table 7 – SVSWR measurement position designations (1 of 3)
- 7.6 SVSWR site validation – standard test procedure
- 7.7 SVSWR site validation – reciprocal test procedure using an isotropic field probe
- 7.8 SVSWR conditional measurement position requirements
- 7.9 SVSWR site validation test report
- 7.10 Limitations of the SVSWR site validation method
- Figure 25 – SVSWR conditional measurement position requirements
- Table 8 – SVSWR reporting requirements
- 7.11 Alternative test sites
- 8 Common mode absorption devices [Go to Page]
- 8.1 General
- 8.2 CMAD S-parameter measurements
- 8.3 CMAD test jig
- 8.4 Measurement method using the TRL calibration
- Figure 26 – Definition of the reference planes inside the test jig
- 8.5 Specification of ferrite clamp-type CMAD
- Figure 27 – The four configurations for the TRL calibration
- 8.6 CMAD performance (degradation) check using spectrum analyzer and tracking generator
- Figure 28 – Limits for the magnitude of S11, measured according to the provisions of 8.1 to 8.3
- Figure 29 – Example of a 50 Ω adaptor construction in the vertical flange of the jig
- Figure 30 – Example of a matching adaptor with balun or transformer
- 9 Reverberating chamber for total radiated power measurement [Go to Page]
- 9.1 General
- 9.2 Chamber [Go to Page]
- 9.2.1 Chamber size and shape
- 9.2.2 Door, openings in walls, and mounting brackets
- Figure 31 – Example of a matching adaptor with resistive matching network [Go to Page]
- 9.2.3 Stirrers
- 9.2.4 Test for the efficiency of the stirrers
- Figure 32 – Example of a typical paddle stirrer [Go to Page]
- 9.2.5 Coupling attenuation
- Figure 33 – Range of coupling attenuation as a function of frequency for a chamber using the stirrer shown in Figure 32
- 10 TEM cells for immunity to radiated disturbance measurement
- Annexes [Go to Page]
- Annex A (normative) Parameters of antennas [Go to Page]
- A.1 General
- A.2 Preferred antennas [Go to Page]
- A.2.1 General
- A.2.2 Calculable antenna
- A.2.3 Low-uncertainty antennas
- A.3 Simple dipole antennas [Go to Page]
- A.3.1 General
- A.3.2 Tuned dipole
- A.3.3 Shortened dipole
- A.4 Broadband antenna parameters [Go to Page]
- A.4.1 General
- Figure A.1 – Short dipole antenna factors for RL = 50 Ω [Go to Page]
- [Go to Page]
- A.4.2 Antenna type
- A.4.3 Specification of the antenna
- A.4.4 Antenna calibration
- A.4.5 Antenna user information
- Annex B (XXX) (Void)
- Annex C (normative) Large-loop antenna system for magnetic field induced-current measurements in the frequency range of 9 kHz to 30 MHz [Go to Page]
- C.1 General
- C.2 Construction of an LLAS
- C.3 Construction of a large-loop antenna (LLA)
- Figure C.1 – The LLAS, consisting of three mutually perpendicular large-loop antennas
- Figure C.2 – An LLA containing two opposite slits, positioned symmetrically with respect to the current probe C
- Figure C.3 – Construction of an LLA slit
- Figure C.4 – Example of an LLA slit construction using a strap of printed circuit board to obtain a rigid construction
- Figure C.5 – Construction of the metal box containing the current probe [Go to Page]
- C.4 Validation of an LLA
- Figure C.6 – Example showing the routing of several cables from an EUT to minimize capacitive coupling from the leads to the LLAS [Go to Page]
- C.5 Construction of the LLAS verification dipole antenna
- Figure C.7 – The eight positions of the LLAS verification dipole during validation of an LLA
- Figure C.8 – Validation factor for an LLA of 2 m diameter [Go to Page]
- C.6 Conversion factors
- Figure C.9 – Construction of the LLAS verification dipole antenna
- Figure C.10 – Conversion factors CdA [for conversion into dB(μA/m)] and CdV for conversion into dB(μV/m)] for two standard measuring distances d
- Figure C.11 – Sensitivity SD of a large-loop antenna with diameter D relative toa large-loop antenna having a diameter of 2 m
- Annex D (normative) Construction details for open area test sites inthe frequency range of 30 MHz to 1 000 MHz (see Clause 6) [Go to Page]
- D.1 General
- D.2 Ground plane construction [Go to Page]
- D.2.1 Material
- D.2.2 Roughness
- D.3 Services to EUT
- D.4 Weather-protection enclosure construction [Go to Page]
- D.4.1 Materials and fasteners
- Figure D.1 – The Rayleigh criterion for roughness in the ground plane
- Table D.1 – Maximum roughness for 3 m, 10 m and 30 m measurement distances [Go to Page]
- [Go to Page]
- D.4.2 Internal arrangements
- D.4.3 Size
- D.4.4 Uniformity with time and weather
- D.5 Turntable and set-up table
- D.6 Receive antenna mast installation
- Annex E (xxx) (Void)
- Annex F (informative) Basis for ± 4 dB site acceptability criterion [Go to Page]
- F.1 General
- F.2 Error analysis
- Table F.1 – Error budget
- Annex G (informative) Examples of uncertainty budgets for site validation of a COMTS using RSM with a calibrated antenna pair (see 6.6) [Go to Page]
- G.1 Quantities to be considered for antenna pair reference site attenuation calibration using the averaging technique
- Table G.1 – Antenna pair reference site attenuation calibration using the large-OATS averaging technique [Go to Page]
- G.2 Quantities to be considered for antenna pair reference site attenuation calibration using a REFTS
- Table G.2 – Antenna pair reference site attenuation calibration using REFTS [Go to Page]
- G.3 Quantities to be considered for COMTS validation using an antenna pair reference site attenuation
- Table G.3 – COMTS validation using an antenna pair reference site attenuation
- Bibliography [Go to Page]