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BS EN 81-22:2014 Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts. Lifts for the transport of persons and goods - Electric lifts with inclined path, 2014
- 0 Introduction [Go to Page]
- 0.1 General
- 0.2 Considerations
- 0.3 Principles
- 0.4 Assumptions
- 1 Scope
- 2 Normative references
- 3 Terms and definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms [Go to Page]
- 3.1 Terms and definitions
- 3.2 Symbols and abbreviated terms [Go to Page]
- 3.2.1 Symbols
- 3.2.2 Abbreviated terms
- 4 List of significant hazards [Go to Page]
- 4.1 General
- 5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures [Go to Page]
- 5.1 General provisions
- 5.2 Lift well [Go to Page]
- 5.2.1 General provisions
- 5.2.2 Well enclosure [Go to Page]
- 5.2.2.1 General
- 5.2.2.2 Totally enclosed well
- 5.2.2.3 Partially enclosed well
- 5.2.2.4 Inspection and emergency doors - Inspection traps
- 5.2.2.5 Ventilation of the well
- 5.2.3 Walls, floor, ceilings [Go to Page]
- 5.2.3.1 General
- 5.2.3.2 Strength of the walls
- 5.2.3.3 Strength of the pit floor
- 5.2.3.4 Strength of the ceiling
- 5.2.3.5 Structure
- 5.2.4 Construction of the walls of lift wells and landing doors facing a car entrance
- 5.2.5 Protection of any spaces located in the vehicle trajectory, the counterweight or the balancing weight at the lowest level
- 5.2.6 Protection in the well [Go to Page]
- 5.2.6.1 General provisions
- 5.2.6.2 Several lifts in the well
- 5.2.7 Headroom and pit [Go to Page]
- 5.2.7.1 General
- 5.2.7.2 Access to the headroom through the car roof
- 5.2.7.3 Access to the headroom through the well
- 5.2.7.4 Pit
- 5.2.7.5 Lifts with front mounted doors
- 5.2.8 Exclusive use of the well
- 5.2.9 Lighting of the well
- 5.2.10 Emergency release
- 5.2.11 Access to the well through a landing door
- 5.2.12 Protection of the areas under the running track
- 5.3 Machine, working areas and pulley spaces [Go to Page]
- 5.3.1 General provisions
- 5.3.2 Access
- 5.3.3 Machinery in machine room [Go to Page]
- 5.3.3.1 General provisions
- 5.3.3.2 Mechanical strength, floor surface
- 5.3.3.3 Dimensions
- 5.3.3.4 Doors and trap doors
- 5.3.3.5 Other openings
- 5.3.3.6 Ventilation
- 5.3.3.7 Lighting and socket outlets
- 5.3.3.8 Handling of equipment
- 5.3.4 Working areas and machinery inside the well [Go to Page]
- 5.3.4.1 General provisions
- 5.3.4.2 Dimensions of working areas inside the well
- 5.3.4.3 Working stations in the car or on the car roof
- 5.3.4.4 Working areas in the pit and in the headroom of the well
- 5.3.4.5 Working areas on a platform in the well
- 5.3.4.6 Doors and traps
- 5.3.4.7 Ventilation
- 5.3.4.8 Lighting and socket outlets
- 5.3.4.9 Handling of equipment
- 5.3.5 Working areas and machinery outside of the well [Go to Page]
- 5.3.5.1 General provisions
- 5.3.5.2 Machinery cabinet
- 5.3.5.3 Working area
- 5.3.5.4 Ventilation
- 5.3.5.5 Lighting and socket outlets
- 5.3.6 Devices for emergency and test operations
- 5.3.7 Construction and equipment of pulley spaces [Go to Page]
- 5.3.7.1 Pulley rooms
- 5.3.7.2 Pulleys in the well
- 5.4 Landing doors [Go to Page]
- 5.4.1 General provisions
- 5.4.2 Strength of doors and their frames [Go to Page]
- 5.4.2.1 General provisions
- 5.4.2.2 Behaviour under fire conditions
- 5.4.2.3 Mechanical strength
- 5.4.3 Height and width of entrances [Go to Page]
- 5.4.3.1 Height
- 5.4.3.2 Width
- 5.4.4 Sills, guides, door suspension [Go to Page]
- 5.4.4.1 Sills
- 5.4.4.2 Guides
- 5.4.4.3 Suspension of vertically sliding doors
- 5.4.5 Protection in relation to door operation [Go to Page]
- 5.4.5.1 General
- 5.4.5.2 Power operated doors
- 5.4.6 Local lighting and “car here” signal lights [Go to Page]
- 5.4.6.1 Local lighting
- 5.4.6.2 “Car here” indication
- 5.4.7 Locking and closed landing door check [Go to Page]
- 5.4.7.1 Protection against the risk of falling
- 5.4.7.2 Protection against shearing
- 5.4.7.3 Locking and emergency unlocking
- 5.4.7.4 Electrical device for proving the landing door closed
- 5.4.7.5 Requirements common to devices for proving the locked condition and the closed condition of the door
- 5.4.7.6 Sliding doors with multiple, mechanically linked panels
- 5.4.8 Closing of automatically operated doors
- 5.5 Car, vehicle, counterweight, balancing weight [Go to Page]
- 5.5.1 Height of the car
- 5.5.2 Available car area, rated load, number of passengers [Go to Page]
- 5.5.2.1 General case
- 5.5.2.2 Goods passenger lifts
- 5.5.2.3 Number of passengers
- 5.5.3 Walls, floor and roof of the car [Go to Page]
- 5.5.3.1 Structural design
- 5.5.3.2 Maintaining of passengers and of goods
- 5.5.3.3 Fire protection
- 5.5.3.4 Floor of the car and link with the landings
- 5.5.4 Car apron
- 5.5.5 Car entrance
- 5.5.6 Car doors [Go to Page]
- 5.5.6.1 General provision
- 5.5.6.2 Sills, guides, door suspension
- 5.5.6.3 Mechanical strength
- 5.5.7 Protection during operation of doors [Go to Page]
- 5.5.7.1 General
- 5.5.7.2 Power operated doors
- 5.5.8 Reversal of closing movement
- 5.5.9 Electrical device for proving the car doors closed
- 5.5.10 Sliding doors with multiple, mechanically linked panels
- 5.5.11 Opening the car door
- 5.5.12 Emergency trap doors and emergency doors [Go to Page]
- 5.5.12.1 General
- 5.5.12.2 Emergency trap doors
- 5.5.12.3 Emergency doors
- 5.5.12.4 Locking of emergency trap doors and emergency doors
- 5.5.13 Working station [Go to Page]
- 5.5.13.1 General
- 5.5.13.2 Strength and dimensions
- 5.5.13.3 Balustrade
- 5.5.14 Car header and car sides
- 5.5.15 Inspection equipment
- 5.5.16 Ventilation, heating, air-conditioning
- 5.5.17 Lighting
- 5.5.18 Counterweight and balancing weight
- 5.5.19 Running/sliding elements
- 5.5.20 Element for maintaining the vehicle inside the dynamic envelope
- 5.5.21 Clearance of obstacles
- 5.6 Suspension, compensation, overspeed protection and protection against unintended vehicle movement [Go to Page]
- 5.6.1 Suspension
- 5.6.2 Sheave, pulley, drum and rope diameter ratios, rope/chain terminations, safety coefficients [Go to Page]
- 5.6.2.1 Sheave, pulley, drum and rope
- 5.6.2.2 Chains
- 5.6.3 Rope traction
- 5.6.4 Winding up of ropes for positive drive lifts
- 5.6.5 Distribution of load between the ropes or the chains
- 5.6.6 Compensation with ropes/loop ropes
- 5.6.7 Protection for traction sheaves, pulleys and sprockets
- 5.6.8 Safety gear [Go to Page]
- 5.6.8.1 General provisions
- 5.6.8.2 Safety gear conditions of use
- 5.6.8.3 Methods of tripping
- 5.6.8.4 Retardation
- 5.6.8.5 Release
- 5.6.8.6 Constructional conditions
- 5.6.8.7 Inclination of the car floor
- 5.6.8.8 Electrical checking
- 5.6.9 Overspeed governor [Go to Page]
- 5.6.9.1 Operation of the overspeed governor
- 5.6.9.2 Overspeed governor driven by rope
- 5.6.9.3 Mechanical overspeed governor not driven by rope
- 5.6.9.4 Programmable electronic overspeed governor
- 5.6.9.5 Response time
- 5.6.9.6 Accessibility
- 5.6.9.7 Tripping of the overspeed governor
- 5.6.9.8 Electrical checking
- 5.6.10 Ascending vehicle overspeed protection means
- 5.6.11 Protection against unintended vehicle movement
- 5.7 Running tracks, guide rails, counter-guide rails and safety gear operating element – Buffers – Final limit switches [Go to Page]
- 5.7.1 General provisions concerning the running tracks, guide rails, counter-guide rails and safety gear gripping element [Go to Page]
- 5.7.1.1 Mechanical strength
- 5.7.1.2 Permissible stresses and deflections for T-profile guide rails
- 5.7.1.3 Fixing
- 5.7.2 Travel and guiding of the vehicle, counterweight or balancing weight [Go to Page]
- 5.7.2.1 Running tracks
- 5.7.2.2 Guide rails
- 5.7.2.3 Counter-guide rail
- 5.7.2.4 Safety gear gripping element
- 5.7.2.5 Multi-function element
- 5.7.3 Vehicle and counterweight buffers
- 5.7.4 Stroke of vehicle and counterweight buffers [Go to Page]
- 5.7.4.1 Energy accumulation type buffers
- 5.7.4.2 Energy accumulation type buffers with buffered return movement
- 5.7.4.3 Energy dissipation type buffers
- 5.7.5 Final limit switches [Go to Page]
- 5.7.5.1 General
- 5.7.5.2 Actuation of the final limit switches
- 5.7.5.3 Method of operation of final limit switches
- 5.8 Clearances between vehicle and wall facing the vehicle entrance, and between car, counterweight or balancing weight [Go to Page]
- 5.8.1 General provision
- 5.8.2 Clearances between vehicle and wall facing the vehicle entrance
- 5.8.3 Clearances between vehicle, counterweight or balancing weight
- 5.9 Lift machine [Go to Page]
- 5.9.1 General provision
- 5.9.2 Drive of the vehicle and the counterweight or balancing weight
- 5.9.3 Use of overhung pulleys or sprockets
- 5.9.4 Braking system [Go to Page]
- 5.9.4.1 General provisions
- 5.9.4.2 Electro-mechanical brake
- 5.9.5 Emergency operation
- 5.9.6 Speed
- 5.9.7 Stopping the machine and checking its stopped condition [Go to Page]
- 5.9.7.1 General provisions
- 5.9.7.2 Motors supplied directly from AC or DC mains
- 5.9.7.3 Drive using a “Ward-Leonard” system
- 5.9.7.4 AC or DC motor supplied and controlled by static elements
- 5.9.7.5 Control devices and monitoring devices
- 5.9.8 Monitoring the slowdown of the machine
- 5.9.9 Positive drive lifts – Monitoring of the tension of the ropes/chains
- 5.9.10 Motor run time limiter
- 5.9.11 Protection of machinery
- 5.9.12 Normal stopping of the car at landings and levelling accuracy
- 5.9.13 Starting/slowdown of the vehicle
- 5.10 Electric installations and appliances [Go to Page]
- 5.10.1 General provisions [Go to Page]
- 5.10.1.1 Limits of application
- 5.10.1.2 Protection against direct contact
- 5.10.1.3 Insulation resistance of the electrical installation (CENELEC HD 60364-6:2007)
- 5.10.1.4 Voltage limit for control and safety circuits
- 5.10.1.5 Conductor for neutral and earth-continuity
- 5.10.2 Contactors, relay-contactors, components of safety circuits [Go to Page]
- 5.10.2.1 Contactors and relay-contactors
- 5.10.2.2 Components of safety circuits
- 5.10.3 Protection of motors and other electrical equipment
- 5.10.4 Main switches
- 5.10.5 Electric wiring [Go to Page]
- 5.10.5.1 Types of cable
- 5.10.5.2 Cross-sectional area of conductors
- 5.10.5.3 Method of installation
- 5.10.5.4 Connectors
- 5.10.5.5 Lighting and socket outlets
- 5.10.5.6 Control of the supply for lighting and socket outlets
- 5.11 Protection against electric faults; controls; priorities [Go to Page]
- 5.11.1 Failure analysis and electric safety devices [Go to Page]
- 5.11.1.1 Failure analysis
- 5.11.1.2 Electric safety devices
- 5.11.1.3 Operation of electric safety devices
- 5.11.2 Controls [Go to Page]
- 5.11.2.1 Control of lift operations
- 5.11.2.2 Stopping devices
- 5.11.2.3 Emergency alarm device
- 5.11.2.4 Priorities and signals
- 5.11.2.5 Load control
- 6 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective measures [Go to Page]
- 6.1 Methods to be used
- 6.2 Specific data, test reports and certificates
- 7 Information for use [Go to Page]
- 7.1 General
- 7.2 Signals and warning devices [Go to Page]
- 7.2.1 General provisions
- 7.2.2 Inside the car [Go to Page]
- 7.2.2.1 Rated load
- 7.2.2.2 Emergency alarm device
- 7.2.2.3 Control devices
- 7.2.2.4 Instruction for use
- 7.2.3 At the landings
- 7.2.4 At the entrance to the well
- 7.2.5 At the machinery and pulley spaces
- 7.2.6 At working stations
- 7.2.7 In the well
- 7.2.8 At the control unit [Go to Page]
- 7.2.8.1 Electrical identification
- 7.2.8.2 Unlocking key for landing doors
- 7.2.9 On safety components [Go to Page]
- 7.2.9.1 Device against ascending vehicle overspeed
- 7.2.9.2 Safety gear
- 7.2.9.3 Overspeed governor
- 7.2.9.4 Buffers
- 7.2.9.5 Door locking devices
- 7.2.9.6 Safety devices containing electronic components
- 7.3 Inspection and test [Go to Page]
- 7.3.1 General
- 7.3.2 Constructional inspection and acceptance inspection and test [Go to Page]
- 7.3.2.1 Examination
- 7.3.2.2 Documentation
- 7.3.3 Periodical examinations and tests
- 7.4 Accompanying documents (in particular, instruction handbook) [Go to Page]
- 7.4.1 Contents
- 7.4.2 Presentation of the instruction handbook
- 7.4.3 Advice for drafting and editing information for use
- 7.4.4 Register [Go to Page]
- 7.4.4.1 General
- 7.4.4.2 Technical section
- 7.4.4.3 Section for reports and observations
- 7.4.5 Marking in the car
- Annex A (normative)List of the safety contacts
- Annex B (normative)Unlocking triangle
- Annex C (informative)Technical dossier [Go to Page]
- C.1 Introduction
- C.2 General
- C.3 Technical documents and plans
- C.4 Electric schematic diagrams
- C.5 Verification of conformity
- Annex D (normative)Examinations and tests before putting into service [Go to Page]
- D.1 General
- D.2 Examinations
- D.3 Tests and verifications
- Annex E (informative)Periodical examinations and tests, examinations and tests after an important modification or after an accident [Go to Page]
- E.1 Periodical examinations and tests
- E.2 Examinations and tests after an important modification or after an accident
- Annex F (normative)Safety components - Test procedures for verification of conformity [Go to Page]
- F.0 Introduction [Go to Page]
- F.0.1 General provisions
- F.0.2 Model form of type examination certificate
- F.1 Landing door locking devices [Go to Page]
- F.1.1 General provisions [Go to Page]
- F.1.1.1 Field of application
- F.1.1.2 Object and extent of the test
- F.1.1.3 Documents to be submitted for a type test
- F.1.1.4 Test samples
- F.1.2 Examination and tests [Go to Page]
- F.1.2.1 Examination of operation
- F.1.2.2 Mechanical tests
- F.1.2.3 Criteria for the mechanical tests
- F.1.2.4 Electrical test
- F.1.3 Test particular to certain types of locking devices [Go to Page]
- F.1.3.1 Locking device for horizontally or vertically sliding doors with several panels
- F.1.3.2 Flap type locking device for hinged door
- F.1.4 Type examination certificate
- F.2 Safety gear [Go to Page]
- F.2.1 General provisions
- F.2.2 Progressive safety gear or instantaneous safety gear with buffered effect [Go to Page]
- F.2.2.1 Statement and test sample
- F.2.2.2 Test
- F.2.2.3 Calculation of the permissible mass
- F.2.2.4 Possible modification to the adjustments
- F.2.3 Comments
- F.2.4 Type examination certificate
- F.3 Overspeed governors [Go to Page]
- F.3.1 General provisions
- F.3.2 Check on the characteristics of the governor [Go to Page]
- F.3.2.1 Test samples
- F.3.2.2 Test for systems driven by a rope
- F.3.2.3 Test for the other systems
- F.3.3 Type examination certificate
- F.4 Buffers [Go to Page]
- F.4.1 General provisions
- F.4.2 Samples to be submitted
- F.4.3 Test [Go to Page]
- F.4.3.1 Energy accumulation type buffers with buffered return movement
- F.4.3.2 Energy dissipation buffers
- F.4.3.3 Buffers with non-linear characteristics
- F.4.4 Type examination certificate
- F.4.5 Buffers subjected to be stressed at the end of the travel
- F.5 Safety circuits containing electronic components and/or programmable electronic systems (PESSRAL) [Go to Page]
- F.5.1 General
- F.5.2 General provisions [Go to Page]
- F.5.2.1 Safety circuits containing electronic components
- F.5.2.2 Safety circuits based on programmable electronic systems
- F.5.3 Test samples
- F.5.4 Mechanical tests [Go to Page]
- F.5.4.1 General
- F.5.4.2 Vibrations
- F.5.4.3 Bumping
- F.5.5 Climatic stress testing [Go to Page]
- F.5.5.1 Temperature tests
- F.5.5.2 Humidity tests
- F.5.6 Functional and safety test of PESSRAL
- F.5.7 Type examination certificate
- F.6 Ascending vehicle overspeed protection means [Go to Page]
- F.6.1 General provisions
- F.6.2 Statement and test sample
- F.6.3 Test [Go to Page]
- F.6.3.1 Method of test
- F.6.3.2 Test procedure
- F.6.3.3 Checking after the tests
- F.6.4 Possible modification to the adjustments
- F.6.5 Test report
- F.6.6 Type examination certificate
- F.7 Unintended vehicle movement protection means [Go to Page]
- F.7.1 General provisions [Go to Page]
- F.7.1.1 Key parameters
- F.7.1.2 Documents
- F.7.2 Statement and test sample
- F.7.3 Test [Go to Page]
- F.7.3.1 Method of Test
- F.7.3.2 Test procedure
- F.7.3.3 Checks after the test
- F.7.4 Possible modification to the adjustments
- F.7.5 Test report
- F.7.6 Type examination certificate
- Annex G (informative)Calculation of the supporting structure, the running tracks, the guide rails, the vehicle and the safety gear gripping element [Go to Page]
- G.1 General
- G.2 Actions to take into account for calculation [Go to Page]
- G.2.1 General [Go to Page]
- G.2.1.1 Principal classifications of actions
- G.2.2 Action relating to lifts with inclined travel path [Go to Page]
- G.2.2.1 Permanent actions
- G.2.2.2 Variable actions
- G.2.2.3 Accidental actions
- G.3 Proof of guide rails
- Annex H (normative)Electronic components- Failure exclusion [Go to Page]
- H.1 Scope
- H.2 Failure exclusions - conditions
- Annex I (informative)Safety circuits [Go to Page]
- I.1 Design guide-line for safety circuits
- I.2 Description of possible measures
- Annex J (normative)Pendulum shock tests [Go to Page]
- J.1 General
- J.2 Test rig [Go to Page]
- J.2.1 Hard pendulum shock device
- J.2.2 Soft pendulum shock device
- J.2.3 Suspension of the pendulum shock device
- J.2.4 Pulling and triggering device
- J.3 Panels
- J.4 Test procedure
- J.5 Interpretation of the results
- J.6 Test report
- J.7 Exceptions from the tests
- Annex K (informative)Traction evaluation [Go to Page]
- K.1 General provisions
- K.2 Traction calculation [Go to Page]
- K.2.1 Basic formulae
- K.2.2 Evaluation of T1 and T2 [Go to Page]
- K.2.2.1 Car loading condition
- K.2.2.2 Emergency braking condition
- K.2.2.3 Counterweight stalled condition
- K.2.2.4 Sagging effect
- K.2.3 Evaluation of the friction factor f [Go to Page]
- K.2.3.1 Grooving considerations
- K.2.3.2 Friction coefficient consideration
- K.3 Practical example
- Annex L (normative)Evaluation of safety factor for suspension ropes [Go to Page]
- L.1 General
- L.2 Equivalent number Nequiv of pulleys [Go to Page]
- L.2.1 General
- L.2.2 Evaluation of Nequiv (t)
- L.2.3 Evaluation of Nequiv(p)
- L.3 Static safety factor
- L.4 Examples
- Annex M (informative)Machinery spaces – Access (5.3.3)
- Annex N (informative)Building interfaces [Go to Page]
- N.1 General provisions
- N.2 Support of guide rails
- N.3 Ventilation of car, lift well and machinery spaces [Go to Page]
- N.3.1 General
- N.3.2 Ventilation of the well and car
- N.3.3 Ventilation of machinery spaces
- Annex O (informative)Environment: aspects to be considered for a risk analysis
- Annex P (informative)Determination of anti-slip properties for floor surfaces [Go to Page]
- P.1 General
- P.2 Testing and assessing anti-slip properties
- Annex ZA (informative)Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 95/16/EC [Go to Page]
