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BS EN 71-1:2014+A1:2018 Safety of toys - Mechanical and physical properties, 2018
- undefined
- 1 Scope (see A.2)
- 2 Normative references
- 3 Terms and definitions
- 4 General requirements) [Go to Page]
- 4.1 Material cleanliness (see A.3)
- 4.2 Assembly (see A.4)
- 4.3 Flexible plastic sheeting (see A.5 and A.16)
- 4.4 Toy bags
- 4.5 Glass (see 5.7 and A.6)
- 4.6 Expanding materials (see A.7)
- 4.7 Edges (see A.8)
- 4.8 Points and metallic wires (see A.9)
- 4.9 Protruding parts (see A.10)
- 4.10 Parts moving against each other [Go to Page]
- 4.10.1 Folding and sliding mechanisms (see A.11)
- 4.10.2 Driving mechanisms (see A.12)
- 4.10.3 Hinges (see A.13)
- 4.10.4 Springs (see A.14)
- 4.11 Mouth-actuated toys and other toys intended to be put in the mouth (see A.15)
- 4.12 Balloons (see 4.3 and A.16)
- 4.13 Cords of toy kites and other flying toys (see A.17)
- 4.14 Enclosures [Go to Page]
- 4.14.1 Toys which a child can enter (see A.18)
- 4.14.2 Masks and helmets (see A.19)
- 4.15 Toys intended to bear the mass of a child (see A.20) [Go to Page]
- 4.15.1 Toys propelled by a child or by other means [Go to Page]
- 4.15.1.1 General
- 4.15.1.2 Warnings and instructions for use
- 4.15.1.3 Strength
- 4.15.1.4 Stability
- 4.15.1.5 Braking
- 4.15.1.6 Transmission and wheel arrangement
- 4.15.1.7 Adjustable seat pillar and handlebar stem minimum insertion marks
- 4.15.1.8 Electrically-driven ride-on toys
- 4.15.2 Toy bicycles (see A.20) [Go to Page]
- 4.15.2.1 General
- 4.15.2.2 Warnings and instructions for use
- 4.15.2.3 Braking requirements
- 4.15.3 Rocking horses and similar toys (see A.21)
- 4.15.4 Toys not propelled by a child
- 4.15.5 Toy scooters (see A.49) [Go to Page]
- 4.15.5.1 General
- 4.15.5.2 Warnings and instructions for use
- 4.15.5.3 Strength
- 4.15.5.4 Adjustable and folding steering tubes
- 4.15.5.5 Braking
- 4.15.5.6 Wheel size
- 4.15.5.7 Protruding parts
- 4.16 Heavy immobile toys
- 4.17 !Projectile toys (see A.22)" [Go to Page]
- 4.17.1 !General"
- 4.17.2 !All projectiles" [Go to Page]
- 4.17.2.1 Leading parts
- 4.17.2.2 Foam shaft projectiles with a suction cup as a leading part
- 4.17.2.3 Other types of projectile with a suction cup as a leading part
- 4.17.3 !Projectile toys with stored energy" [Go to Page]
- 4.17.3.1 Energy limitation
- 4.17.3.2 Edges
- 4.17.3.3 Projectiles with a protective cap, cover or tip
- 4.17.3.4 Impact resistance
- 4.17.3.5 Improvised projectiles
- 4.17.4 !Certain projectile toys without stored energy" [Go to Page]
- 4.17.4.1 Darts
- 4.17.4.2 Bows and arrows
- 4.17.4.3 Toy catapults and projectiles propelled by an elastic band
- 4.17.4.4 Projectile toys without stored energy where the discharge mechanism can store energy, only when held in place by the user
- 4.18 Aquatic toys and inflatable toys (see A.23)
- 4.19 Percussion caps specifically designed for use in toys and toys using percussion caps (see A.24)
- 4.20 Acoustics (see A.25) [Go to Page]
- 4.20.1 Exposure categories for time-averaged sound pressure levels
- 4.20.2 Emission sound pressure level limits [Go to Page]
- 4.20.2.1 General
- 4.20.2.2 Close-to-the-ear toys
- 4.20.2.3 Table-top or floor toys
- 4.20.2.4 Hand-held toys
- 4.20.2.5 Toys using headphones or earphones
- 4.20.2.6 Rattles
- 4.20.2.7 Squeeze toys
- 4.20.2.8 Pull-along or push toys
- 4.20.2.9 Percussion toys
- 4.20.2.10 Wind toys
- 4.20.2.11 Cap-firing toys
- 4.20.2.12 Voice toys
- 4.21 Toys containing a non-electrical heat source
- 4.22 Small balls (see 5.10 and A.48)
- 4.23 Magnets (see A.51) [Go to Page]
- 4.23.1 General
- 4.23.2 Toys other than magnetic/electrical experimental sets intended for children over 8 years
- 4.23.3 Magnetic/electrical experimental sets intended for children over 8 years
- 4.24 Yo-yo balls (see A.52)
- 4.25 Toys attached to food (see A.55)
- 4.26 !Toy Disguise Costumes"
- 4.27 !Flying toys (see A.58)" [Go to Page]
- 4.27.1 !General"
- 4.27.2 !Rotors and propellers on flying toys"
- 4.27.3 !Rotors and propellers on remote controlled flying toys"
- 5 Toys intended for children under 36 months [Go to Page]
- 5.1 General requirements (see A.26)
- 5.2 Soft-filled toys and soft-filled parts of a toy (see A.27)
- 5.3 Plastic sheeting (see A.28)
- 5.4 !Cords, chains and electrical cables in toys (see A.29)" [Go to Page]
- 5.4.1 !General"
- 5.4.2 !Cords and chains in toys intended for children under 18 months" [Go to Page]
- 5.4.2.1 Cords and chains with the potential to tangle
- 5.4.2.2 Two cords or chains with the potential to tangle
- 5.4.2.3 Separated cords and chains
- 5.4.2.4 Free length of cords and chains
- 5.4.3 !Cords and chains in toys intended for children of 18 months or over but under 36 months" [Go to Page]
- 5.4.3.1 Cords and chains with the potential to tangle
- 5.4.3.2 Two cords or chains with the potential to tangle
- 5.4.3.3 Separated cords and chains
- 5.4.3.4 Free length of cords and chains
- 5.4.3.5 Cords and chains not suitable for children under 18 months
- 5.4.4 !Fixed loops, tangled loops and nooses"
- 5.4.5 !Cords and chains on pull along toys"
- 5.4.6 !Electrical cables"
- 5.4.7 !Cross-sectional dimension of certain cords
- 5.4.8 !Self-retracting cords
- 5.4.9 !Toys attached to or intended to be strung across a cradle, cot or perambulator [Go to Page]
- 5.4.9.1 Toys intended to be strung across a cradle, cot or perambulator
- 5.4.9.2 Toys otherwise intended to be attached to a cradle, cot or perambulator
- 5.5 Liquid-filled toys (see A.30)
- 5.6 Speed limitation of electrically-driven ride-on toys
- 5.7 Glass and porcelain (see 4.5 and A.6)
- 5.8 Shape and size of certain toys (see A.31)
- 5.9 Toys comprising monofilament fibres (see A.32)
- 5.10 Small balls (see also 4.22 and A.48)
- 5.11 Play figures
- 5.12 Hemispheric-shaped toys (see A.50)
- 5.13 Suction cups (see A.54)
- 5.14 Straps intended to be worn fully or partially around the neck (see A.53)
- 5.15 !Sledges with cords for pulling"
- 6 Packaging (see A.56)
- 7 Warnings, markings and instructions for use (see A.33) [Go to Page]
- 7.1 General
- 7.2 Toys not intended for children under 36 months (see 4.22 and A.34)
- 7.3 Latex balloons (see 4.12 and A.16)
- 7.4 Aquatic toys (see 4.18 and A.23)
- 7.5 Functional toys (see A.35)
- 7.6 Hazardous sharp functional edges and points (see 4.7 and 4.8)
- 7.7 !Projectile toys (see 4.17.3.1)"
- 7.8 Imitation protective masks and helmets (see 4.14.2 and A.19)
- 7.9 Toy kites (see 4.13)
- 7.10 Roller skates, inline skates, skateboards and certain other ride-on toys (see 4.15.1.2 and A.20) [Go to Page]
- 7.10.1 Roller skates, inline skates and skateboards
- 7.10.2 Ride-on toys without a braking device
- 7.10.3 Electrically-driven ride-on toys
- 7.10.4 Instructions for use
- 7.11 !Toys intended to be strung across a cradle, cot, or perambulator (see 5.4.9.1)"
- 7.12 Liquid-filled teethers (see 5.5)
- 7.13 Percussion caps specifically designed for use in toys (see 4.19)
- 7.14 Acoustics (see 4.19 and 4.20)
- 7.15 Toy bicycles (see 4.15.2.2)
- 7.16 Toys intended to bear the mass of a child (see 4.15.1.2, 4.15.2.2, 4.15.3 and 4.15.4)
- 7.17 Toys comprising monofilament fibres (see 5.9)
- 7.18 Toy scooters (see 4.15.5.2)
- 7.19 Rocking horses and similar toys (see 4.15.3 and A.21)
- 7.20 Magnetic/electrical experimental sets (see 4.23.3 and A.51)
- 7.21 !Toys with electrical cables exceeding 300 mm in length (see 5.4.6)"
- 7.22 !Toys with cords or chains intended for children of 18 months and over but under 36 months (see 5.4.3)"
- 7.23 !Toys intended to be attached to a cradle, cot or perambulator (see 5.4.9.2)"
- 7.24 !Sledges with cords for pulling"
- 7.25 !Flying toys (see 4.27)" [Go to Page]
- 7.25.1 !Flying toys"
- 7.25.2 !Remote controlled flying toys"
- 7.26 !Improvised projectiles (see 4.17.4)"
- 8 Test methods [Go to Page]
- 8.1 General requirements for testing
- 8.2 Small parts cylinder (see 4.6, 4.11, 4.18, 4.23.2, 4.23.3, 4.25, 5.1, 5.2 and A.36)
- 8.3 Torque test (see 4.6, 4.11, 4.14.2, 4.17, 4.18, 4.22, 4.23.2, 4.25, 5.1, 5.10, 5.12, 5.13 and Clause 6)
- 8.4 Tension test (see A.37) [Go to Page]
- 8.4.1 Apparatus
- 8.4.2 Procedure [Go to Page]
- 8.4.2.1 General (see 4.6, 4.11, 4.14.2, 4.17, 4.18, 4.22, 4.23, 4.25, 5.1, 5.3, 5.10, 5.12, 5.13 and Clause 6)
- 8.4.2.2 Seams and materials (see 4.23.2 and 5.2)
- 8.4.2.3 Protective components (see 4.9 and 4.17.1)
- 8.4.2.4 Tension test for a projectile with a suction cup
- 8.4.2.5 Wall impact test for projectiles (see A.22)
- 8.4.2.6 Perpendicular tension test for rotors and propellers
- 8.4.2.7 Tension test for rotors and propellers
- 8.5 Drop test (see 4.5, 4.6, 4.10.2, 4.14.2, 4.22, 4.23.2, 4.25, 5.1, 5.10, 5.12 and 5.13)
- 8.6 Tip over test (see 4.10.2, 4.22, 4.23.2, 5.1, 5.10, 5.12 and 5.13)
- 8.7 Impact test (see 4.5, 4.6, 4.10.2, 4.14.2, 4.22, 4.23.2, 4.25, 5.1, 5.10, 5.12, 5.13 and A.38)
- 8.8 Compression test (see 4.6, 4.14.2, 4.22, 4.23.2, 4.25, 5.1, 5.10, 5.12, 5.13 and A.39)
- 8.9 Soaking test (see 4.11, 4.23.2, 5.1, 5.10 and 5.12)
- 8.10 Accessibility of a part or component (see 4.5, 4.7, 4.8, 4.10.2, 4.10.4, 4.15.1.3, 4.21, 5.2 and 5.7) [Go to Page]
- 8.10.1 Principle
- 8.10.2 Apparatus
- 8.10.3 Procedure
- 8.11 Sharpness of edges (see 4.5, 4.7, 4.9, 4.10.2, 4.14.2, 4.15.1.3 and 5.1) [Go to Page]
- 8.11.1 Principle
- 8.11.2 Apparatus [Go to Page]
- 8.11.2.1 General
- 8.11.2.2 Mandrel, made of steel
- 8.11.2.3 Device for rotating the mandrel and applying a force to it
- 8.11.2.4 Self-adhesive tape
- 8.11.3 Procedure
- 8.12 Sharpness of points (see 4.5, 4.8, 4.9, 4.10.2, 4.14.2, 4.15.1.3, 5.1 and A.40) [Go to Page]
- 8.12.1 Principle
- 8.12.2 Apparatus
- 8.12.3 Procedure
- 8.13 Flexibility of metallic wires (see 4.8 and A.41) [Go to Page]
- 8.13.1 General
- 8.13.2 Metallic wires and other metallic components intended to be bent
- 8.13.3 Metallic wires likely to be bent
- 8.14 Expanding materials (see 4.6)
- 8.15 Leakage of liquid-filled toys (see 5.5 and A.42)
- 8.16 Geometric shape of certain toys (see 5.8, 5.11 and A.43)
- 8.17 Durability of mouth-actuated toys (see 4.11 and A.44) [Go to Page]
- 8.17.1 Mouth-actuated projectile toys
- 8.17.2 Other mouth-actuated toys
- 8.18 Folding or sliding mechanisms (see 4.10.1 and A.45) [Go to Page]
- 8.18.1 Loads
- 8.18.2 Toy pushchairs and perambulators
- 8.18.3 Other collapsible toys (see 4.10.1 c))
- 8.19 Electric resistivity of cords (see 4.13)
- 8.20 !Cords cross-sectional dimension (see 5.4.7)"
- 8.21 Static strength (see 4.15.1.3, 4.15.1.5, 4.15.3, 4.15.4 and A.46)
- 8.22 Dynamic strength (see 4.15.1.3) [Go to Page]
- 8.22.1 Principle
- 8.22.2 Loads
- 8.22.3 Procedure [Go to Page]
- 8.22.3.1 General
- 8.22.3.2 Toys intended for use sitting down
- 8.22.3.3 Toys intended for use standing
- 8.22.3.4 Roller skates and toys without steering wheel or handles
- 8.23 Stability [Go to Page]
- 8.23.1 Toys intended to bear the mass of a child (see 4.15.1.4, 4.15.3 and 4.15.4)
- 8.23.2 Heavy immobile toys (see 4.16)
- 8.24 !Kinetic energy of projectiles (see 4.17.3.1, 4.17.4.2)" [Go to Page]
- 8.24.1 !Principle"
- 8.24.2 !Apparatus"
- 8.24.3 !Procedure" [Go to Page]
- 8.24.3.1 !Operating conditions"
- 8.24.3.2 Determination of velocity
- 8.24.3.3 Determination of kinetic energy
- 8.24.3.4 Determination of kinetic energy per area of contact
- 8.25 Plastic sheeting [Go to Page]
- 8.25.1 Thickness (see 4.3, 5.3 and Clause 6) [Go to Page]
- 8.25.1.1 Apparatus
- 8.25.1.2 Procedure
- 8.25.2 Adhesion (see 5.3) [Go to Page]
- 8.25.2.1 Apparatus
- 8.25.2.2 Procedure
- 8.26 Brake performance [Go to Page]
- 8.26.1 Brake performance for certain ride-on toys (see 4.15.1.5) [Go to Page]
- 8.26.1.1 General
- 8.26.1.2 Motor brake performance – Ramp test
- 8.26.1.3 Motor brake performance – Horizontal test
- 8.26.2 Brake performance for toy bicycles (see 4.15.2.3)
- 8.26.3 Brake performance for toy scooters (see 4.15.5.5) [Go to Page]
- 8.26.3.1 Toy scooters with handbrake
- 8.26.3.2 Toy scooters with foot brake
- 8.27 Strength of toy scooter steering tubes (see 4.15.5.3) [Go to Page]
- 8.27.1 Resistance to downward forces
- 8.27.2 Resistance to upward forces
- 8.28 Determination of emission sound pressure levels (see 4.20) [Go to Page]
- 8.28.1 General [Go to Page]
- 8.28.1.1 Principle
- 8.28.1.2 Basic test procedure
- 8.28.1.3 Test conditions
- 8.28.1.4 Test environment
- 8.28.1.5 Microphone positions
- 8.28.1.6 Measurement uncertainty
- 8.28.2 Test procedures [Go to Page]
- 8.28.2.1 Close-to-the-ear toys
- 8.28.2.2 Table-top or floor toys
- 8.28.2.3 Hand-held toys
- 8.28.2.4 Toys with earphones and headphones
- 8.28.2.5 Rattles
- 8.28.2.6 Squeeze toys
- 8.28.2.7 Pull-along or push toys
- 8.28.2.8 Percussion toys
- 8.28.2.9 Wind toys
- 8.28.2.10 Cap-firing toys
- 8.28.2.11 Voice toys
- 8.29 Determination of maximum design speed of electrically-driven ride-on toys (see 4.15.1.2, 4.15.1.5, 4.15.1.8 and 5.6)
- 8.30 Measurement of temperature rises (see 4.21)
- 8.31 Toy chest lids (see 4.14.1 c)) [Go to Page]
- 8.31.1 General
- 8.31.2 Lid support
- 8.31.3 Durability test for vertically opening hinged lids
- 8.32 Small balls and suction cups test (see 4.17, 4.22, 4.25, 5.10 and 5.13) [Go to Page]
- 8.32.1 Small balls and suction cups (see Clause 6)
- 8.32.2 Small balls attached to a toy by a cord
- 8.33 Test for play figures (see 5.11)
- 8.34 Tension test for magnets (see 4.23.2 and A.51) [Go to Page]
- 8.34.1 General
- 8.34.2 Toys that contain more than one magnet or magnetic component
- 8.34.3 Toys that contain one magnet only [Go to Page]
- 8.34.3.1 Apparatus
- 8.34.3.2 Procedure
- 8.35 Magnetic flux index (see 4.23.2 and 4.23.3) [Go to Page]
- 8.35.1 General
- 8.35.2 Apparatus
- 8.35.3 Procedure [Go to Page]
- 8.35.3.1 Measurement of flux density
- 8.35.3.2 Measurement and calculation of the pole surface area
- 8.35.4 Calculation of magnetic flux index
- 8.36 !Perimeter of cords and chains (see 5.4.4)" [Go to Page]
- 8.36.1 Test equipment
- 8.36.2 Test procedures [Go to Page]
- 8.36.2.1 Cords and chains with a single fixing point or with fixing points less than 94 mm apart
- 8.36.2.2 Cords and chains fixed to the toy at points of 94 mm or more apart
- 8.37 Yo-yo balls measurements (see 4.24) [Go to Page]
- 8.37.1 Measurement of initial length l0
- 8.37.2 Measurement of elastic constant k
- 8.38 !Breakaway feature separation test (see 5.4.2, 5.4.3 and 5.14)"
- 8.39 !Self-retracting cords (see 5.4.8)"
- 8.40 !Length of cords, chains and electrical cables (see 5.4.2, 5.4.3, 5.4.5 and 5.4.6)"
- 8.41 !Assessment of the tangle potential of two cords or chains"
- 8.42 !Determination of projectile range"
- 8.43 !Assessment of leading parts of projectiles and flying toys"
- 8.44 !Length of suction cup projectiles"
- Annex A (informative)Background and rationale for this European Standard [Go to Page]
- A.1 General
- A.2 Scope (see Clause 1)
- A.3 Material cleanliness (see 4.1)
- A.4 Assembly (see 4.2)
- A.5 Flexible plastic sheeting (see 4.3)
- A.6 Glass (see 4.5 and 5.7)
- A.7 Expanding materials (see 4.6)
- A.8 Edges (see 4.7)
- A.9 Points and metallic wires (see 4.8)
- A.10 Protruding parts (see 4.9)
- A.11 Folding and sliding mechanisms (see 4.10.1)
- A.12 Driving mechanisms (see 4.10.2)
- A.13 Hinges (see 4.10.3)
- A.14 Springs (see 4.10.4)
- A.15 Mouth-actuated toys and other toys intended to be put in the mouth (see 4.11)
- A.16 Balloons (see 4.3, 4.12 and 7.3)
- A.17 Cords of toy kites (see 4.13)
- A.18 Toys which a child can enter (see 4.14.1)
- A.19 Masks and helmets (see 4.14.2 and 7.8)
- A.20 Toys intended to bear the mass of a child (see 4.15 and 7.10)
- A.21 Rocking horses and similar toys (see 4.15.3)
- A.22 !Projectile toys (see 4.17)"
- A.23 Aquatic toys and inflatable toys (see 4.18 and 7.4)
- A.24 Percussion caps specifically designed for use in toys and toys using percussion caps (see 4.19)
- A.25 Acoustics (see 4.20)
- A.26 General requirements for toys intended for children under 36 months (see 5.1)
- A.27 Soft-filled toys and soft-filled parts of a toy (see 5.2)
- A.28 Adhesion of plastic sheeting (see 5.3)
- A.29 Cords and chains in toys (see 5.4)
- A.30 Liquid-filled toys (see 5.5 and A.42)
- A.31 Shape and size of certain toys (see 5.8 and A.43)
- A.32 Toys comprising monofilament fibres (see 5.9)
- A.33 Warnings, markings and instructions for use (see 7.1)
- A.34 Warning for toys not intended for children under 36 months (see 7.2)
- A.35 Warnings in connection with functional toys (see 7.5)
- A.36 Small parts cylinder (see 8.2)
- A.37 Tension test (see 8.4)
- A.38 Impact test (see 8.7)
- A.39 Compression test (see 8.8)
- A.40 Sharpness of points (see 8.12)
- A.41 Flexibility of metallic wires (see 8.13)
- A.42 Leakage of liquid-filled teethers (see 8.15 and A.30)
- A.43 Geometric shape of certain toys (see 8.16 and A.31)
- A.44 Durability of mouth-actuated toys (see 8.17)
- A.45 Folding or sliding mechanisms (see 8.18)
- A.46 Static strength (see 8.21)
- A.47 Kinetic energy of projectiles, bows and arrows (see 8.24)
- A.48 Small balls (see 4.22 and 5.10)
- A.49 Toy scooters (see 4.15.5)
- A.50 Hemispheric-shaped toys (see 5.12)
- A.51 Magnets (see 4.23)
- A.52 Yo-yo balls (see 4.24)
- A.53 Straps intended to be worn fully or partially around the neck (see 5.14)
- A.54 Suction cups (see 5.13)
- A.55 Toys attached to food (see 4.25)
- A.56 Packaging (see Clause 6)
- A.57 !Cords and drawstrings (see 4.26)"
- A.58 !Flying toys, rotors and propellers (see 4.27)"
- Annex ZA(informative)Clauses of this European Standard addressing essential requirements or other provisions of EU Directives [Go to Page]
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