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BS EN 13814-1:2019+A1:2024 Safety of amusement rides and amusement devices - Design and manufacture, 2024
- undefined
- 1 Scope
- 2 Normative references
- 3 Terms and definitions
- 4 Requirements for design analysis [Go to Page]
- 4.1 Design documents [Go to Page]
- 4.1.1 General
- 4.1.2 Design risk assessment
- 4.1.3 Description of design and operation
- 4.1.4 Design and manufacturing drawings
- 4.1.5 Principles of analysis
- 4.2 Selection of materials [Go to Page]
- 4.2.1 General
- 4.2.2 Recommended steels [Go to Page]
- 4.2.2.1 General
- 4.2.2.2 Steels for structural components
- 4.2.2.3 Steels for machinery and mechanisms
- 4.2.3 Aluminium alloy
- 4.2.4 Timber
- 4.2.5 Plastic composites
- 4.2.6 Concrete
- 4.2.7 Fasteners for structural components
- 4.2.8 Standards relating to ropes, chains, safety devices, connectors and adapters [Go to Page]
- 4.2.8.1 General
- 4.2.8.2 Steel ropes
- 4.2.8.3 Fibre ropes
- 4.2.8.4 Chains
- 4.3 Design loads [Go to Page]
- 4.3.1 General
- 4.3.2 Permanent actions
- 4.3.3 Variable actions [Go to Page]
- 4.3.3.1 Imposed loads
- 4.3.3.2 Driving forces and braking forces
- 4.3.3.3 Bracing and restraint loads
- 4.3.3.4 Wind loads
- 4.3.3.5 Snow loads
- 4.3.3.6 Inertia forces (centrifugal forces, gyroscopic forces and Coriolis forces)
- 4.3.3.7 Intentional collision during operation
- 4.3.4 Seismic forces
- 4.3.5 Applicable coefficients [Go to Page]
- 4.3.5.1 General
- 4.3.5.2 Impacts
- 4.3.5.3 Vibration of structural track components
- 4.3.5.4 Combined impact and vibration factors
- 4.3.6 Load combination [Go to Page]
- 4.3.6.1 General
- 4.3.6.2 Fundamental combinations
- 4.3.6.3 Accidental combination
- 4.3.6.4 Fatigue combination
- 4.4 Structural analysis – Principles [Go to Page]
- 4.4.1 General
- 4.4.2 Analysis principles for various types of rides [Go to Page]
- 4.4.2.1 Conditions for calculating rotating type amusement devices
- 4.4.2.2 Design and analysis principles for passenger carrying units
- 4.4.2.3 Roundabouts with several motions
- 4.4.2.4 Roller coasters with rail track-bound vehicles
- 4.4.3 Other railways with track-bound vehicles [Go to Page]
- 4.4.3.1 Conventional railways
- 4.4.3.2 Suspended railways (or coasters)
- 4.5 Verification of stability [Go to Page]
- 4.5.1 Safety against overturning, sliding and lifting [Go to Page]
- 4.5.1.1 General
- 4.5.1.2 Overturning
- 4.5.1.3 Sliding
- 4.5.1.4 Lifting
- 4.6 Ground anchorage [Go to Page]
- 4.6.1 General
- 4.6.2 Design load bearing capacity of weight anchors
- 4.6.3 Design load bearing capacity of rod anchors
- 4.6.4 Testing of anchors (Numbering)
- 4.6.5 Calculation of loads on anchors
- 4.6.6 Further requirements
- 4.6.7 Ground support for packing
- 4.7 Verification of strength [Go to Page]
- 4.7.1 General
- 4.7.2 Predominantly static stress
- 4.7.3 Fluctuating stress [Go to Page]
- 4.7.3.1 Fatigue assessment of structural components
- 4.7.3.2 Fatigue assessment of machine components (welded and non-welded)
- 4.7.4 Bolts
- 4.7.5 Ropes, chains, safety devices, connectors and adapters [Go to Page]
- 4.7.5.1 Ropes, chains, belts and straps
- 4.7.5.2 Passenger safety locking devices
- 4.7.5.3 Connectors and adapters
- 4.8 Structural design and construction [Go to Page]
- 4.8.1 Arrangement, accessibility
- 4.8.2 Locking and safety devices for fasteners
- 4.8.3 Joints intended for regular dismantling
- 4.8.4 Designing of components subject to fluctuating loads
- 4.8.5 Supports
- 4.8.6 Central masts
- 4.8.7 Prevention of corrosion and rot
- 5 Requirements for design and manufacture of rides and structures [Go to Page]
- 5.1 Risk reduction by prevailing design and safety measures [Go to Page]
- 5.1.1 General
- 5.1.2 Risk assessment [Go to Page]
- 5.1.2.1 General
- 5.1.2.2 Design Risk Assessment (DRA)
- 5.1.2.3 Operation and Use Risk Assessment (OURA)
- 5.1.2.4 Hazard analysis
- 5.1.3 Risk reduction for platforms, ramps, floors, stairs and walkways [Go to Page]
- 5.1.3.1 General
- 5.1.3.2 Platforms and ramps
- 5.1.3.3 Stairs
- 5.1.3.4 Moving walkways, travelators and similar
- 5.1.4 Risk reduction by the use of barriers, fencing and guarding [Go to Page]
- 5.1.4.1 Protection against falls from one level to another barriers, fencing and guarding
- 5.1.4.2 Protection against crushing, impact or entanglement
- 5.1.4.3 Fences and Barriers
- 5.1.5 Guarding of machinery parts
- 5.1.6 Risk reduction in the case of access and egress [Go to Page]
- 5.1.6.1 Access to and egress from passengers units
- 5.1.7 Risk reduction for passengers units [Go to Page]
- 5.1.7.1 Safety distances from passengers units (Safety Envelope)
- 5.1.7.2 Restraint devices limiting passenger movement
- 5.1.7.3 Doors
- 5.1.7.4 Seats
- 5.1.7.5 Passenger containment
- 5.1.8 Requirements by special provisions [Go to Page]
- 5.1.8.1 Criteria relative to passenger characteristics
- 5.1.8.2 Passengers with special needs
- 5.1.8.3 Wind measuring devices
- 5.2 Supplementary safety requirements for various types of amusement device [Go to Page]
- 5.2.1 Amusement rides with vertical axis [Go to Page]
- 5.2.1.1 General
- 5.2.1.2 Area separation systems access and egress openings
- 5.2.1.3 Passenger units
- 5.2.2 Amusement rides with horizontal axis [Go to Page]
- 5.2.2.1 General
- 5.2.2.2 Area separation systems and access and egress openings
- 5.2.2.3 Passenger units
- 5.2.2.4 Restraints
- 5.2.2.5 Miscellaneous
- 5.2.3 Rail-guided channel or track-bound amusement devices [Go to Page]
- 5.2.3.1 General
- 5.2.3.2 Area separation systems and access and egress openings
- 5.2.3.3 Passenger units
- 5.2.3.4 Restraints
- 5.2.3.5 Miscellaneous
- 5.2.3.6 Roller coaster track
- 5.2.4 Dodgem cars/Bumper cars [Go to Page]
- 5.2.4.1 General
- 5.2.4.2 Area separating system and access and egress openings
- 5.2.4.3 Passenger units
- 5.2.4.4 Miscellaneous
- 5.2.4.5 Electromechanical requirements for dodgem cars
- 5.2.5 Speedways/Go-karts [Go to Page]
- 5.2.5.1 General
- 5.2.5.2 Area separating system and access and egress openings
- 5.2.5.3 Passenger units
- 5.2.5.4 Restraints
- 5.2.5.5 Miscellaneous
- 5.2.6 Mini-motorbikes for children [Go to Page]
- 5.2.6.1 Area separating system and access and egress openings
- 5.2.6.2 Passenger units
- 5.2.6.3 Restraints
- 5.2.6.4 Miscellaneous
- 5.2.7 Boat rides [Go to Page]
- 5.2.7.1 General
- 5.2.7.2 Area separation system and access and egress
- 5.2.7.3 Passenger units
- 5.2.7.4 Restraints
- 5.2.7.5 Miscellaneous
- 5.2.8 Flume rides [Go to Page]
- 5.2.8.1 Area separating system and access and egress openings
- 5.2.8.2 Passenger units
- 5.2.8.3 Restraints
- 5.2.8.4 Miscellaneous
- 5.2.9 Helter skelters, slides, etc [Go to Page]
- 5.2.9.1 General
- 5.2.9.2 Area separation system and access and egress openings
- 5.2.9.3 Passenger units
- 5.2.9.4 Restraints
- 5.2.9.5 Miscellaneous
- 5.2.10 Side shows, booths, win-a-prize and sales stands, mazes, halls of mirrors, fun houses, labyrinths, hammers, ring the bell and similar [Go to Page]
- 5.2.10.1 Fun houses
- 5.2.10.2 Hall of mirrors
- 5.2.10.3 Win-a-prize and sales stands
- 5.2.10.4 The hammer, ring the bell and similar installations
- 5.2.10.5 !Deleted"
- 5.2.10.6 Maneges
- 5.2.11 Shooting stands and trailers, shooting devices [Go to Page]
- 5.2.11.1 Area separation system and access and egress openings
- 5.2.11.2 Miscellaneous
- 5.2.11.3 Weapons
- 5.2.11.4 Ammunition
- 5.2.11.5 Targets
- 5.3 Mechanical systems [Go to Page]
- 5.3.1 Hydraulic and pneumatic devices [Go to Page]
- 5.3.1.1 General requirements
- 5.3.1.2 Design
- 5.3.1.3 Travelling limits
- 5.3.1.4 Piping
- 5.3.1.5 Hoses
- 5.3.1.6 Reservoir
- 5.3.1.7 Venting
- 5.3.1.8 Pressure limits
- 5.3.1.9 Fail to safe
- 5.3.1.10 Checking
- 5.3.1.11 Lowering
- 5.3.1.12 Protection
- 5.3.1.13 Emergency
- 5.3.1.14 Cleanliness
- 5.3.2 Lifting and elevating units being integral part of a ride [Go to Page]
- 5.3.2.1 General
- 5.3.2.2 Hoist unit brake
- 5.3.2.3 Limitation of the lifting and lowering movement
- 5.3.2.4 Overload protection
- 5.3.2.5 Slack rope or chain protection
- 5.3.2.6 Safety devices
- 5.3.2.7 Suspension elements
- 5.3.2.8 Hydraulic drives
- 5.3.2.9 Power screw drives
- 5.3.2.10 Rack and pinion drives
- 5.3.2.11 Pneumatic drives
- 5.4 Manufacture and supply [Go to Page]
- 5.4.1 Manufacturer [Go to Page]
- 5.4.1.1 General
- 5.4.1.2 Requirements for the personnel
- 5.4.1.3 Subcontracting and supply
- 5.4.2 Quality assurance — Quality plan [Go to Page]
- 5.4.2.1 General
- 5.4.2.2 Material Quality requirements
- 5.4.2.3 Safety-related axles, shafts, bolts and pins
- 5.4.2.4 Certificates
- 5.4.2.5 Documentation
- 5.4.3 Manufacturing process [Go to Page]
- 5.4.3.1 General
- 5.4.3.2 Durability
- 5.4.3.3 Welding procedure
- 5.4.3.4 Steel welding
- 5.4.3.5 Aluminium welding
- 5.4.3.6 Standards and requirements for non-destructive testing of welds
- 5.4.3.7 Plastic composites
- 5.4.4 Safety precautions to be taken by the manufacturer
- 5.4.5 Electrical installations
- 5.5 Supply [Go to Page]
- 5.5.1 Manuals [Go to Page]
- 5.5.1.1 General
- 5.5.1.2 Assembly and dismantling instructions
- 5.5.1.3 Operating instructions
- 5.5.1.4 Maintenance instructions
- 5.5.2 Special information
- 5.5.3 Drawings and diagrams
- 5.6 Design documentation [Go to Page]
- 5.6.1 General
- 5.6.2 Description of installation and technical specification/information
- 5.7 Amusement Device Log [Go to Page]
- 5.7.1 General [Go to Page]
- 5.7.1.1 General
- 5.7.1.2 Content
- 5.8 Official technical dossier [Go to Page]
- 5.8.1 General
- 5.8.2 Content
- 5.8.3 Identification marking
- Annex A (normative)Electrical equipment and control systems [Go to Page]
- A.1 Electrical equipment [Go to Page]
- A.1.1 General
- A.1.2 Protection against electric shocks [Go to Page]
- A.1.2.1 General
- A.1.2.2 Sliding contacts
- A.1.2.3 Earthing systems
- A.1.3 Protection against lightning
- A.1.4 Lighting [Go to Page]
- A.1.4.1 General
- A.1.4.2 Emergency lighting
- A.1.5 Generators
- A.1.6 Heaters and light fittings
- A.1.7 Communication !means"
- A.2 Control Systems [Go to Page]
- A.2.1 General [Go to Page]
- A.2.1.1 General
- A.2.1.2 SRCS particular requirements
- A.2.2 Safety-related control functions [Go to Page]
- A.2.2.1 General
- A.2.2.2 Start functions
- A.2.2.3 Evacuation
- A.2.2.4 Stop functions
- A.2.3 Safety-related parameters
- A.2.4 Passenger restraints [Go to Page]
- A.2.4.1 General
- A.2.4.2 Safety integrity requirements
- A.2.4.3 Loss of Power
- A.2.5 Fall Prevention [Go to Page]
- A.2.5.1 General
- A.2.5.2 Safety integrity requirements
- A.2.6 Inhibiting of safety functions
- A.2.7 Operating modes [Go to Page]
- A.2.7.1 General
- A.2.7.2 Operating mode selection
- A.2.7.3 Pre-operating mode
- A.2.7.4 Operating modes
- A.2.7.5 Non-operating mode
- A.2.8 Collision prevention safety function [Go to Page]
- A.2.8.1 General
- A.2.8.2 Requirements
- A.2.8.3 Requirements for safety-related powered stopping and slowing devices
- A.2.8.4 System Validation
- Annex B (informative)Control systems - Best practices [Go to Page]
- B.1 Security
- B.2 Example block zone logic
- B.3 Requirements for the positioning of sensors and stopping devices
- Annex C (informative)Guidance on design of passenger containment
- Annex D (informative)Amusement Device Log for an amusement device
- Annex E (informative)List of main hazards, hazardous situations and events for spectators and passengers during the operation and use of amusement rides
- Annex F (informative)Guest behaviour [Go to Page]
- F.1 Scope
- F.2 Terms and definitions [Go to Page]
- F.2.1 General
- F.2.2 Boarding passengers
- F.2.3 Riding passengers
- F.2.4 Exiting passengers
- F.2.5 Waiting passenger
- F.2.6 Behaviour
- F.2.7 Foreseeable behaviour
- F.2.8 Parent or Supervision Companion
- F.2.9 Child
- F.2.10 Information to public
- F.2.11 Parents or Supervision Companions accompanying children
- F.3 Classification of age and basic capabilities
- F.4 Human factors
- F.5 General Strategy of Risk mitigation in Guest Behaviour [Go to Page]
- F.5.1 General
- F.5.2 Adults
- F.5.3 Refusal of access
- F.5.4 Normal Behaviour
- F.5.5 Unacceptable behaviour
- Annex G (informative)Limited accessibility to amusement devices
- Annex H (informative)Safety envelope for passengers [Go to Page]
- H.1 Design Criteria
- H.2 Anthropometric Basis
- H.3 Methods for Defining Safety Envelope Boundaries [Go to Page]
- H.3.1 Documentation
- H.3.2 Prerequisites
- H.3.3 Safety envelopes [Go to Page]
- H.3.3.1 General
- H.3.3.2 Safety envelope by this standard (Type 1)
- H.3.3.3 Safety envelope by analysis of anthropometric data (Type 2)
- H.3.3.4 Publicly documented Safety envelopes (Type 3)
- H.3.4 Hazards and related safety envelope class
- Annex I (informative)Acceleration effects on passengers [Go to Page]
- I.1 Medical tolerance – General
- I.2 Rides [Go to Page]
- I.2.1 General
- I.2.2 General Definitions and Limitations [Go to Page]
- I.2.2.1 Limitations / excluded influences
- I.2.2.2 Accelerations
- I.2.3 Acceleration in X-Direction
- I.2.4 Acceleration in Y-Direction
- I.2.5 Acceleration in Z-direction (parallel to Spine)
- I.2.6 Combinations
- I.3 Reversals [Go to Page]
- I.3.1 Reversals in X and Y
- I.3.2 Transitions in Z
- I.4 Example obtaining admissible accelerations [Go to Page]
