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BS EN 1591-1:2024 - TC Tracked Changes. Flanges and their joints. Design rules for gasketed circular flange connections - Calculation, 2024
- 30502435
- A-30433496 [Go to Page]
- undefined
- 1 Scope
- 2 Normative references
- 3 Terms and definitions, subscripts, special marks and symbols [Go to Page]
- 3.1 Terms and definitions
- 3.2 Subscripts and special marks [Go to Page]
- 3.2.1 Subscripts
- 3.2.2 Special marks
- 3.3 Symbols
- 4 Requirements for use of the calculation method [Go to Page]
- 4.1 General
- 4.2 Geometry
- 4.3 Material
- 4.4 Loads
- 5 Calculation parameters [Go to Page]
- 5.1 General
- 5.2 Flange parameters [Go to Page]
- 5.2.1 General
- 5.2.2 Flange ring [Go to Page]
- 5.2.2.1 Bolt holes
- 5.2.2.2 Effective dimensions of flange ring
- 5.2.3 Connected shell [Go to Page]
- 5.2.3.1 Flange with tapered hub
- 5.2.3.2 Flange without hub
- 5.2.3.3 Blank flange
- 5.2.3.4 Collar or stub
- 5.2.4 Flexibility-related flange parameters [Go to Page]
- 5.2.4.1 Integral flange and collar or stub
- 5.2.4.2 Blank flange
- 5.2.4.3 Collar or stub with loose flange
- 5.3 Bolt and washer parameters [Go to Page]
- 5.3.1 General
- 5.3.2 Effective cross-section area of bolts
- 5.3.3 Flexibility modulus of bolts
- 5.3.4 Geometric parameters for washers and contact surfaces [Go to Page]
- 5.3.4.1 Absence of washers
- 5.3.4.2 Presence of washers
- 5.3.5 Flexibility modulus of washers
- 5.4 Gasket parameters [Go to Page]
- 5.4.1 General
- 5.4.2 Theoretical dimensions
- 5.4.3 Effective dimensions
- 5.4.4 Axial flexibility modulus of gasket
- 5.4.5 Lever arms [Go to Page]
- 5.4.5.1 All flanges
- 5.4.5.2 Integral flange and collar or stub
- 5.4.5.3 Blank flange
- 5.4.5.4 Integral flange and blank flange
- 5.4.5.5 Collar or stub with loose flange
- 6 Forces [Go to Page]
- 6.1 General
- 6.2 Applied loads [Go to Page]
- 6.2.1 Assembly condition (I = 0)
- 6.2.2 Subsequent conditions (I = 1, 2 …) [Go to Page]
- 6.2.2.1 Fluid pressure
- 6.2.2.2 Additional external loads
- 6.2.2.3 Thermal loads
- 6.3 Compliance of the joint
- 6.4 Minimum forces necessary for the gasket [Go to Page]
- 6.4.1 Assembly condition (I = 0)
- 6.4.2 Subsequent conditions (I = 1, 2, ….)
- 6.5 Internal forces in assembly condition (I = 0) [Go to Page]
- 6.5.1 Required forces
- 6.5.2 Accounting for bolt-load scatter at assembly
- 6.6 Internal forces in subsequent conditions (I = 1, 2, …)
- 7 Load limits [Go to Page]
- 7.1 General
- 7.2 Bolts
- 7.3 Gasket
- 7.4 Integral flange and collar or stub
- 7.5 Blank flange
- 7.6 Loose flange on collar/stub
- Annex A (informative)Dimensions of standard metric bolts
- Annex B (informative)Tightening [Go to Page]
- B.1 Scatter of initial bolt load of a single bolt — Indicative values ε1- and ε1+ for a single bolt
- B.2 Scatter for the global load of all the bolts
- B.3 Manual uncontrolled tightening
- B.4 Assembly using torque wrench
- B.5 Assembly using bolt tensioner
- Annex C (informative)Flange rotations [Go to Page]
- C.1 General
- C.2 Use of flange rotation
- C.3 Calculation of flange rotations
- Annex D (informative)Use of the calculation method [Go to Page]
- D.1 Calculation method principle
- D.2 Mechanical model
- D.3 Required checks
- D.4 Calculation sequence
- Annex E (informative)Gasket/flange face friction coefficients examples
- Annex F (informative)Checking a specified assembly bolt force
- Annex G (informative)Sealing gasket parameters when no leakage rate is specified
- Annex H (informative)Alternative calculation procedure taking into account the plastic deformation of the gasket in subsequent load conditions procedures (after assembly) [Go to Page]
- H.1 General
- H.2 Calculation procedure [Go to Page]
- H.2.1 General description
- H.2.2 No additional plastic deformation
- H.2.3 Additional plastic deformation
- H.3 Flat gaskets [Go to Page]
- H.3.1 Flat gaskets with small or median deformations [Go to Page]
- H.3.1.1 Basic formulae
- H.3.1.2 Calculations for a general material law
- H.3.1.3 Calculations for a simplified material law
- H.3.2 Flat gaskets with greater deformations
- H.4 Metal gaskets with curved surfaces (Figures 4b), c), e), f))
- H.5 Metal gaskets with octagonal section (Figure 4d))
- Annex I (informative)Available, incomplete models for conversion of the leakage rates in different conditions (based on certain flow models) [Go to Page]
- I.1 Introduction and warning
- I.2 Flow theory fundamentals [Go to Page]
- I.2.1 Transport modes
- I.2.2 Case of gases [Go to Page]
- I.2.2.1 Parallel capillary model
- I.2.2.2 Dusty gas model
- I.2.3 Case of liquids: Parallel capillary model
- I.3 Factors of influence on the leakage rate of gaskets and gasketed joints [Go to Page]
- I.3.1 List of identified factors
- I.3.2 Limits and restriction of the proposed models
- I.3.3 Dependence on pressure [Go to Page]
- I.3.3.1 General
- I.3.3.2 Definition
- I.3.3.3 Molecular flow
- I.3.3.4 Visco-laminar flow
- I.3.3.5 Practical use
- I.3.4 Dependence on temperature [Go to Page]
- I.3.4.1 General
- I.3.4.2 Definition
- I.3.4.3 Molecular flow
- I.3.4.4 Visco-laminar flow
- I.3.4.5 Practical use
- I.3.5 Dependence on the type of fluid [Go to Page]
- I.3.5.1 General
- I.3.5.2 Definition
- I.3.5.3 Molecular flow
- I.3.5.4 Visco-laminar flow
- I.3.5.5 Practical use
- I.3.6 Influence of the gasket thickness
- I.3.7 Influence of gasket width
- I.3.8 Influence of gasket stress
- I.3.9 Influence of other factors
- I.3.10 Conclusion on the factors of influence
- I.4 Practical application for EN 1591-1 calculations [Go to Page]
- I.4.1 General
- I.4.2 Determination of a trend for the leakage rate for the flange connection in “actual” from “reference” conditions
- I.4.3 Determination of a trend for the leakage rate for the flange connection in “reference” from “actual” conditions
- Annex ZA (informative)Relationship between this European Standard and the essential requirements of Directive 2014/68/EU aimed to be covered [Go to Page]
