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Renewable Energy Technologies and Water Infrastructure, 2022
- Book_5090_C000
- Book_5090_C001 [Go to Page]
- Chapter 1: US Renewable Energy Policy—Analysis and Recommendations
[Go to Page]
- Introduction
[Go to Page]
- National Energy Act of 1978 (H.R. 8444 1977-78)
- Energy Policy Act of 2005
- Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007
- Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008
- Clean Power Plan of 2015
- Energy Efficiency Resources Standards
- Renewable Energy Projects
- Federal Investment Tax Credit
- Renewable Production Tax Credit
- Modified Accelerated Cost Recovery System
- ����Renewable Energy Resources—Review/Recommendations
[Go to Page]
- Hydropower
- Biofuels
- Solar Photovoltaic
- Wind Energy
- Future of United States Renewable Energy Policy
- Summary
- References
- Book_5090_C002 [Go to Page]
- Chapter 2: Renewables and Regulatory Requirements of the United States
[Go to Page]
- Introduction
- US-Code, Law, and Act—Renewable Energy
- Renewable Energy Standards
- �����Renewable Portfolio Standards—The State of Connecticut, Example
- �����Renewable Portfolio Standards Eligibility—The State of California, Example
- �����Local Government on Renewable Energy Projects—State of Virginia, Example
- �����Solar and Wind Energy Rule—Bureau of Land Management
- RE Programs—Bureau of Ocean Energy Management
- Renewables—Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
- Summary
- Disclaimer
- References
- Book_5090_C003 [Go to Page]
- Chapter 3: Biofuels: Ethanol and Biodiesel
[Go to Page]
- Ethanol
- Introduction
[Go to Page]
- Legislation
- Classes of Ethanol
- Processing of Corn Ethanol
- Cellulosic Ethanol Processing
- US Ethanol Production
- Greenhouse Gases
- Water Quality Impacts
- Pros and Cons of Ethanol
- Biodiesel
[Go to Page]
- Introduction
- Biodiesel Processing
- Classes of Biodiesel Blends
- US Biodiesel Production
- Summary
- References
- Book_5090_C004 [Go to Page]
- Chapter 4: Micro-Hydropower: Concept, System Design, and Innovations
[Go to Page]
- Introduction
- Micro-Hydropower Generation: Concept
- Micro-Hydropower System Design
[Go to Page]
- Case Study Site
- Micro-Hydropower System Design Components
- Hydraulic Component Design
[Go to Page]
- Hydraulic Head
- Flow Rate
- Flow Control to Penstock
- Penstock Design
- Penstock Intake Filter
- Mechanical Component Design
[Go to Page]
- Turbine Protection
- Electrical Component Design
[Go to Page]
- Electric Generator
- Inverter
- Controller
- Battery Bank
- Battery Overcharge Controller
- Case Study Project Cost
- Cost–Benefit Analysis
- Regulatory Requirements—Case Study Site
- �Micro-Hydropower: Viable Technology
in Developing Countries
- �Small-Stream Micro-Hydropower: Challenges and Limitations
- �Emerging Micro- and Small-Hydropower Technologies
- Summary
- Appendix A. Bill of Materials (Equipment, 2013 Prices)
- Appendix B. Bill of Materials (Supplies/Materials, 2013 Prices)
- Acknowledgments
- Disclaimer
- References
- Book_5090_C005 [Go to Page]
- Chapter 5: Biogas-to-Energy—The Combined Heat and Power (CHP) Systems
[Go to Page]
- Introduction
- Biogas Generation Systems—Theory and Practice
- Anaerobic Digestion of Livestock and Poultry Manure
- �������Sludges/Biosolids and Biogas-to-Energy—US Regulations
- �������Biogas-to-Electric Generation and Combined Heat and Power
- �������Economics of Livestock and Poultry Manure Anaerobic Digestion
- Biogas in the Circular Economy
- Summary
- References
- Book_5090_C006 [Go to Page]
- Chapter 6: Fuel Cells for Renewable Wastewater Infrastructure
[Go to Page]
- Introduction
- Hydrogen
[Go to Page]
- Biological Processes for Hydrogen Production
- Dark Fermentation
- Microbial Electrolysis Cells
- Photofermentation
- Biophotolysis
- Fuel Cells
[Go to Page]
- Hydrogen Fuel Cells
[Go to Page]
- Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell
- Alkaline Fuel Cell
[Go to Page]
- Working Principle
- Potential Applications in Wastewater Infrastructure
- Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cell
[Go to Page]
- Working Principle
- Potential Applications in Wastewater Infrastructure
- Hydrogen and Hydrocarbon Fuel Cells
- Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells
[Go to Page]
- Working Principle
- Potential Applications in Wastewater Infrastructure
- Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
[Go to Page]
- Working Principle
- Potential Applications in Wastewater Infrastructure
- Microbial Fuel Cell
- Summary
- Acknowledgments
- References
- Book_5090_C007 [Go to Page]
- Chapter 7: Sustainable Desalination Using Renewable Energy Sources
[Go to Page]
- Introduction
- Desalination Technologies—Principles of Operation
[Go to Page]
- Multistage Flash Desalination
- Multieffect Distillation
- Vapor Compression
- Energy Efficiency of Thermal Desalination
- Reverse Osmosis
- ���������Renewable Energy Integration with Desalination Processes
- Selection Process of the Desalination Process
- Sustainability of Desalination Technologies
[Go to Page]
- Environmental Impacts of Desalination Processes
- Brine Disposal
- ���������Economic Considerations of Renewable Energy-Driven Desalination Processes
- Regulatory Requirements
- Social Aspects of Desalination Processes
- Summary
- References
- Book_5090_C008 [Go to Page]
- Chapter 8: Geothermal Energy
[Go to Page]
- General Description
- Geothermal Resources
- Geothermal Resource Applications
- Geothermal Power Generation
- Power Plant Types
[Go to Page]
- Dry Steam
- Flash
- Organic Rankine Cycle/Binary
- Current Status
[Go to Page]
- Worldwide Capacity
- Technological Distribution
- Geothermal Direct Use
- Direct Heating Applications
- Mineral Recovery
- Energy Storage
- Future Direction
[Go to Page]
- Enhanced Geothermal Systems
- Hybridization Opportunities with Concentrating Solar Power
- Perspective
- References
- Book_5090_C009 [Go to Page]
- Chapter 9: Wind Energy—Increasing Resilience in Water Infrastructure
[Go to Page]
- Introduction
- Wind Turbine Technologies
- Wind Technology Powering Mechanical Systems
- Efficiency and the Betz Limit
- Assessing Power from Wind
- Turbine Technology, Applications, and Siting
- Built Environment Wind Turbine
- Quantifying Turbulence and Turbulence Intensity
- Energy and Water
- Role of Wind Energy in Water Infrastructure Security
- Emerging Technologies
- Summary
- References
- Book_5090_C010 [Go to Page]
- Chapter 10: Solar Energy and Water/Wastewater Infrastructure
[Go to Page]
- Introduction
- Solar Radiation
- Solar Photovoltaics
- Solar Thermal
- �����������Solar Photovoltaics and Concentrating Solar Power Comparison
- Solar in Water Industry
- Desalination
[Go to Page]
- Thermal Technologies
- Membrane Technologies
- Solar in Desalination
- Solar Water Disinfection
- Wastewater Processing
- Solar in Wastewater Processing
- Summary
- References
- Book_5090_C011 [Go to Page]
- Chapter 11: Renewable Energy Technologies for Water Quality Monitoring
[Go to Page]
- Introduction
- Solar-Powered Monitoring Networks
[Go to Page]
- Stormwater Sampling and Monitoring
- Discharge and Nonpoint Source Monitoring
- Water Quality Monitoring with Data Buoys
- Microbial Fuel Cells for Water Quality Monitoring
- Summary
- References
- Book_5090_C012 [Go to Page]
- Chapter 12: Integrating Renewable Energy in Water Infrastructure: Global Trends and Future Outlook
[Go to Page]
- Introduction
- Background
[Go to Page]
- Water and Energy Nexus
- Water and Energy Conservation
- �������������Applications of Renewable Energy in the Water Industry
[Go to Page]
- Solar Energy
- Wind Energy
- Outlook
- Summary
- References
- Book_5090_A001 [Go to Page]
- Appendix
[Go to Page]
- List of Acronyms and Abbreviations
- Book_5090_IDX [Go to Page]