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BS EN 62388:2013 Maritime navigation and radiocommunication equipment and systems. Shipborne radar. Performance requirements, methods of testing and required test results, 2014
- EN62388{2013}e.pdf [Go to Page]
- Foreword
- Endorsement notice
- Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications
- 30286718-VOR.pdf [Go to Page]
- CONTENTS
- FOREWORD
- 1 Scope
- 2 Normative references
- 3 Terms and definitions
- 4 General [Go to Page]
- 4.1 Overview
- 4.2 Purpose
- 4.3 Application of these standards
- 4.4 Equipment categories
- 4.5 Establishing equipment type and status
- 4.6 Conditions of measurement and related definitions
- 4.7 Quality requirements
- 5 Tests [Go to Page]
- 5.1 Test sites and simulation [Go to Page]
- 5.1.1 Environmental and RF testing
- 5.1.2 Over-sea radar performance tests
- 5.1.3 Test targets and target simulation for performance tests
- 5.2 Test terminology and format [Go to Page]
- 5.2.1 General
- 5.2.2 Test requirement terminology
- 5.2.3 Testing method terminology
- 6 Radar performance [Go to Page]
- 6.1 General
- 6.2 Transmission and interference [Go to Page]
- 6.2.1 Transmission frequency
- 6.2.2 Interference
- 6.3 Performance optimisation and monitoring [Go to Page]
- 6.3.1 General
- 6.3.2 Optimum performance
- 6.4 Gain and anti-clutter functions [Go to Page]
- 6.4.1 General
- 6.4.2 Gain function
- 6.4.3 Manual and automatic sea anti-clutter
- 6.4.4 Rain anti-clutter
- 6.5 Signal processing [Go to Page]
- 6.5.1 General
- 6.5.2 Target enhancement
- 6.5.3 Radar signal correlation
- 6.5.4 Signal processing and radar image latency
- 6.5.5 Second-time-around echoes
- 6.5.6 Transmission format
- 6.5.7 Picture update
- 6.5.8 Additional processing
- 6.5.9 Signal processing description
- 6.6 Operation with SARTs, target enhancers (RTEs) and beacons [Go to Page]
- 6.6.1 General
- 6.6.2 Radar beacons, SARTs and enhancers
- 6.7 Minimum range and range compensation [Go to Page]
- 6.7.1 General
- 6.7.2 Range compensation
- 6.7.3 Minimum range
- 6.8 Range and bearing discrimination [Go to Page]
- 6.8.1 General
- 6.8.2 Measurement conditions
- 6.8.3 Range discrimination
- 6.8.4 Bearing discrimination
- 6.8.5 Fundamental radar accuracy
- 6.9 Target detection performance assessment [Go to Page]
- 6.9.1 General
- 6.9.2 Range of first detection in minimal clutter
- 7 Display presentation [Go to Page]
- 7.1 General [Go to Page]
- 7.1.1 Requirements
- 7.1.2 Methods of test and required results
- 7.2 Linearity and index delay [Go to Page]
- 7.2.1 Requirements
- 7.2.2 Methods of test and required results
- 7.3 Use and discrimination of colour [Go to Page]
- 7.3.1 Requirements
- 7.3.2 Methods of test and required results
- 8 CCRP and own ship [Go to Page]
- 8.1 Consistent common reference point (CCRP) [Go to Page]
- 8.1.1 CCRP
- 8.1.2 CCRP position
- 8.1.3 Measurements
- 8.1.4 Antenna offset
- 8.2 Own ship [Go to Page]
- 8.2.1 General
- 8.2.2 Own ship’s outline and minimised symbol
- 8.2.3 Heading line
- 8.2.4 Stern line
- 9 Navigation tools [Go to Page]
- 9.1 General
- 9.2 Units of measurement [Go to Page]
- 9.2.1 Requirements
- 9.2.2 Methods of test and required results
- 9.3 Presentation [Go to Page]
- 9.3.1 Requirements
- 9.3.2 Methods of test and required results
- 9.4 Display range scales [Go to Page]
- 9.4.1 Mandatory range scales
- 9.5 Variable range marker (VRM) [Go to Page]
- 9.5.1 General
- 9.5.2 VRM measurements
- 9.6 Electronic bearing line (EBL) [Go to Page]
- 9.6.1 General
- 9.6.2 EBL measurements
- 9.6.3 EBL origin position
- 9.7 Cursor [Go to Page]
- 9.7.1 General
- 9.7.2 Cursor measurement
- 9.7.3 Selection by cursor
- 9.8 Offset measurement of range and bearing [Go to Page]
- 9.8.1 General
- 9.8.2 Electronic range and bearing line (ERBL)
- 9.9 Parallel index lines (PI) [Go to Page]
- 9.9.1 General
- 9.9.2 PI lines and positioning
- 9.10 Bearing scale [Go to Page]
- 9.10.1 General
- 9.10.2 Bearing scale presentation
- 9.11 Range rings [Go to Page]
- 9.11.1 General
- 9.11.2 Range ring presentation and measurement
- 9.12 Radar maps [Go to Page]
- 9.12.1 General
- 9.12.2 Map functions and display simple user-defined maps
- 9.12.3 Map memory and transfer
- 9.12.4 Map presentation properties
- 10 Orientation, motion and stabilisation [Go to Page]
- 10.1 General
- 10.2 Azimuth orientation [Go to Page]
- 10.2.1 Accuracy of alignment
- 10.2.2 Heading readout and reference
- 10.2.3 Azimuth stabilisation update
- 10.3 Motion and orientation modes [Go to Page]
- 10.3.1 General
- 10.3.2 True and relative motion
- 10.4 Off-centring [Go to Page]
- 10.4.1 General
- 10.4.2 Manual and automatic off-centring
- 10.4.3 Automatic reset
- 10.4.4 Display orientation
- 10.5 Ground and sea stabilisation [Go to Page]
- 10.5.1 Mode and source
- 10.5.2 Ground stabilisation
- 10.5.3 Sea stabilisation
- 11 Aids for collision avoidance [Go to Page]
- 11.1 General
- 11.2 Target trails and past positions [Go to Page]
- 11.2.1 General
- 11.2.2 Time and plot requirements
- 11.2.3 Trails/past position availability
- 11.3 Target tracking (TT) [Go to Page]
- 11.3.1 General
- 11.3.2 Presentation of targets
- 11.3.3 Tracking calculations
- 11.3.4 Target tracking availability
- 11.3.5 Classification and tracked target capacity
- 12 Chart radar (optional classification) [Go to Page]
- 12.1 General requirements [Go to Page]
- 12.1.1 General
- 12.1.2 Chart operation and source
- 12.1.3 Chart elements and availability
- 12.1.4 Chart reference
- 12.1.5 Primary chart information set
- 12.1.6 Chart stabilisation and chart redraw
- 12.1.7 Chart position and latency
- 12.1.8 Matching and adjustment
- 12.1.9 Chart symbols, colours, and size
- 12.1.10 Chart display size
- 12.1.11 Chart alerts and indications
- 12.1.12 Chart malfunction
- 12.1.13 Chart radar malfunction
- 12.2 Additional requirements for standalone radar with chart facilities [Go to Page]
- 12.2.1 General
- 12.2.2 Provision and updating of chart information
- 12.2.3 Content and structure of chart data
- 12.3 Additional requirements for ECDIS back-up (optional) [Go to Page]
- 12.3.1 General
- 12.3.2 Requirements
- 12.3.3 Test Methods and required results
- 13 Ergonomic criteria (control functions and display) [Go to Page]
- 13.1 General
- 13.2 Operational controls
- 13.3 Primary controls
- 13.4 Control properties
- 13.5 Default control setting and saved user control settings
- 14 Interfacing [Go to Page]
- 14.1 General
- 14.2 Input interfacing [Go to Page]
- 14.2.1 Input data
- 14.2.2 Input quality, integrity and latency
- 14.3 Output interfacing [Go to Page]
- 14.3.1 Output format
- 14.3.2 Output target data
- 14.3.3 VDR interface
- 15 Design, servicing and installation [Go to Page]
- 15.1 General
- 15.2 Fault diagnosis and servicing [Go to Page]
- 15.2.1 Requirements
- 15.2.2 Methods of test and required results
- 15.3 Display design [Go to Page]
- 15.3.1 Requirements
- 15.3.2 Methods of test and required results
- 15.4 Transceiver design [Go to Page]
- 15.4.1 General
- 15.4.2 Sector blanking
- 15.5 Antenna design [Go to Page]
- 15.5.1 Requirements
- 15.5.2 Methods of test and required results
- 15.6 Inter-switched and multiple radars [Go to Page]
- 15.6.1 General
- 15.6.2 System safeguards
- 15.6.3 Combining radar
- 15.6.4 Multiple radar system status
- 15.7 Multiple operational displays [Go to Page]
- 15.7.1 Additional information and conformity
- 15.7.2 Requirements
- 15.8 Safety – antenna and radiation [Go to Page]
- 15.8.1 General
- 15.8.2 Antenna radiation and rotation
- 15.8.3 Microwave radiation levels
- 16 Alerts and failures [Go to Page]
- 16.1 General [Go to Page]
- 16.1.1 Priority of alerts
- 16.1.2 Alerts and indications
- 16.1.3 Alarm contact outputs
- 16.1.4 Alert management interface
- 16.1.5 Unacknowledged warnings
- 16.1.6 Unacknowledged alarms
- 16.1.7 Remote acknowledgement and silencing of alerts
- 16.1.8 Picture freeze
- 16.1.9 Sensor failure alert
- 16.2 Backup and fallback arrangements [Go to Page]
- 16.2.1 Requirements
- 16.2.2 Failure of heading information (azimuth stabilisation)
- 16.2.3 Failure of speed through the water information
- 16.2.4 Failure of course and speed over ground information
- 16.2.5 Failure of position input information
- 16.2.6 Failure of radar video input information
- 16.2.7 Failure of AIS input information
- 16.2.8 Failure of an integrated or networked system
- 17 Environmental testing [Go to Page]
- 17.1 General
- 17.2 Testing to IEC 60945 [Go to Page]
- 17.2.1 Requirements
- 17.2.2 Methods of test and required results
- 17.3 Additional environmental tests [Go to Page]
- 17.3.1 General
- 17.3.2 Antenna shock test
- 18 Equipment familiarisation and documentation [Go to Page]
- 18.1 Familiarisation simulator [Go to Page]
- 18.1.1 General
- 18.1.2 Requirements
- 18.1.3 Methods of test and required results
- 18.2 Instructions and documentation [Go to Page]
- 18.2.1 General
- 18.2.2 Documentation
- 18.2.3 Operating instructions
- 18.3 Radar system installation [Go to Page]
- 18.3.1 Requirements
- 18.3.2 Methods of test and required results
- 18.4 Maintenance information for equipment update [Go to Page]
- 18.4.1 Requirements
- 18.4.2 Methods of test and required results
- Annex A (informative) Guidelines for radar functionality on navigation displays
- Annex B (normative) Unwanted emissions of radar systems
- Annex C (informative) Radar target size (RCS) and detection range calculations
- Annex D (informative) Factors that influence target detection
- Annex E (normative) Sensor errors
- Annex F (informative) Target scenario simulator/reported target simulator
- Annex G (informative) Tracked and reported target states
- Annex H (normative) IEC 61162 sentence formats
- Annex I (normative) Radar control function/indication grouping
- Annex J (informative) Interference to shipborne radar fromemissions in adjacent frequency bands
- Bibliography
- Figures [Go to Page]
- Figure 1 – Reduction of range to first detection due to rain at S-band
- Figure 2 – Reduction of range to first detection due to rain at X-band
- Figure 3 – TT scenario 1
- Figure 4 – TT scenario 2
- Figure 5 – TT scenario 3
- Figure 6 – TT scenario 4
- Figure 7 – TT scenario 5
- Figure B.1 – B–40 falls within the allocated band
- Figure B.2 – B–40 falls outside the allocated band
- Figure C.1 – Enhancement by reflection (dB) over free-space (9,41 GHz)
- Figure C.2 – Enhancement by reflection (dB) over free-space (3,05 GHz)
- Figure D.1 – Effect of sea spikes on target detection
- Figure D.2 – Multi-path plots for S-band
- Figure D.3 – Multi-path plot for X-band
- Figure G.1 – Tracked target states
- Figure G.2 – AIS target state
- Tables [Go to Page]
- Table 1 – Performance requirements for categories of ship/craft for SOLAS V
- Table 2 – Range of first detection in clutter-free conditions
- Table 3 – X-band pass/fail assessment criteria
- Table 4 – S-band pass/fail assessment criteria
- Table 5 – Pass/fail assessment
- Table 6 – Douglas sea state parameters
- Table 7 – Main horizontal beam pattern
- Table 8 – Effective side-lobes
- Table 9 – Features and colours to be used for radar maps
- Table 10 – Tracked target capacity (subset of Table 1)
- Table 11 – Typical tracked target accuracy (95 % probability figures)
- Table 12 – TT scenario 1, with sensor errors applied
- Table 13 – TT scenario 1, times of measurement task
- Table 14 – TT scenario 1, accuracies after 1 min and 3 min (all ± values)
- Table 15 – TT scenario 2, own ship turning through ± 180°
- Table 16 – TT scenario 3, initial target data
- Table 17 – TT scenario 4, initial target data for fast targets (standard speed ships)
- Table 18 – TT scenario 4, initial target data for fast targets (HSC)
- Table 19 – TT scenario 5: initial target data for standard craft
- Table 20 – TT scenario 5: initial target data for collision scenario for HSC
- Table 21 – Measurement points and results at 3 min and 6 min for HSC
- Table 22 – Measurement points and results at 11 min and 14 min for HSC
- Table 23 – Measurement points and results at 3 min and 6 min for standard craft
- Table 24 – Measurement points and results at 11 min and 14 min for standard craft
- Table 25 – Measurement of tracked target accuracy
- Table 26 – AIS display capacity (subset of Table 1)
- Table 27 – AIS reporting rates
- Table 28 – Association scenario 1, initial TT and AIS target position and data
- Table 29 – Association scenario 1, AIS target data for diverging and converging tracks
- Table 30 – Association scenario 2, initial TT and AIS target position and data
- Table 31 – Association scenario 2, AIS target data for changing speed
- Table 32 – Association scenario 3, TT and AIS target start position and data
- Table 33 – Association scenario 4, initial TT and AIS target position and data
- Table 34 – Association scenario 4, TT and AIS target with the same course and speed
- Table 35 – Control settings configured in response to ‘Default’ selection
- Table 36 – Antenna shock test severity (half sine pulse)
- Table B.1 – Measurement frequency ranges
- Table D.1 – Spread of RCS values for typical ships
- Table D.2 – S-band performance predictions for ranges of 0,2, 0,4, 0,7 NM
- Table D.3 – X-band performance predictions for ranges of 0,2, 0,7 NM
- Table D.4 – Parameters for attenuation in uniform rain conditions
- Table D.5 – Typical values for attenuation and backscatter in uniform rain conditions
- Table D.6 – Additional radar system parameters (X/S-band)
- Table D.7 – Target size, height and RCS values
- Table D.8 – S-band radar parameters (LP)
- Table D.9 – X-band radar parameters (LP)
- Table H.1 – Mandatory IEC 61162-1 sentences
- Table H.2 – Optional IEC 61162-3 messages
- Table H.3 – Description of terms
- Table H.4 – Header format (1 of 2)
- Table H.5 – Package data format
- Table I.1 – Top-level grouping of data and control functions for radar applications
- Table I.2 – Icons for common function controls (1 of 2) [Go to Page]